Wathelet Marielle, Vincent Camille, Fovet Thomas, Notredame Charles-Edouard, Habran Enguerrand, Martignène Niels, Baubet Thierry, Vaiva Guillaume, D'Hondt Fabien
Univ. Lille, INSERM, Lille University Hospital (CHU de Lille), U1172-LilNCog - Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, Lille, France.
Fédération de Recherche en Psychiatrie et Santé Mentale des Hauts-de-France (F2RSM), Lille, France.
Front Psychiatry. 2022 May 3;13:868369. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.868369. eCollection 2022.
The COVID-19 related quarantine had negative psychological effects among University students. Evidence from previous epidemics suggests that negative psychological effects of quarantine measures can last or even worsen after the quarantine lift. The objective of this study was to assess the evolution of students' mental health and to identify factors associated with mental health outcomes 1 month after the lift of the lockdown.
This repeated cross-sectional study collected data during the first quarantine in France (T1, = 68,891) and 1 month after its lift (T2, = 22,540), through an online questionnaire sent to all French University students. Using cross-sectional data, we estimated prevalence rates of suicidal thoughts, severe anxiety (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, State subscale), depression (Beck Depression Inventory), and stress (Perceived Stress Scale) at T1 and T2. Using longitudinal data ( = 6,346), we identified risk factors of poor mental health outcomes among sociodemographic characteristics, precariousness indicators, health-related data, information on the social environment, and media consumption, adjusting for baseline mental health status.
We found lower prevalence rates of severe stress (21.7%), anxiety (22.1%), and depression (13·9%) one month after the quarantine compared to the quarantine period (24.8%, 27.5%, and 16.1%, respectively). The prevalence rate of suicidal thoughts increased from 11.4 to 13.2%. Regardless of the existence of symptoms during quarantine, four factors were systematically associated with poor mental health outcomes 1 month after the quarantine was lifted: female gender, a low feeling of integration before the quarantine period, a low quality of social ties during the quarantine, and a history of psychiatric follow-up.
The prevalence rates of severe stress, anxiety, and depression, although being lower than during the first lockdown, remained high after its lift. The prevalence rate of suicidal ideation increased. This stresses the need to consider the enduring psychological impact of the pandemic on students as a critical public health issue.
与新冠疫情相关的隔离措施对大学生产生了负面心理影响。以往疫情的证据表明，隔离措施的负面心理影响在隔离解除后可能持续甚至加剧。本研究的目的是评估学生心理健康状况的演变，并确定封锁解除1个月后与心理健康结果相关的因素。
这项重复横断面研究通过向所有法国大学生发送在线问卷，在法国首次隔离期间（T1，n = 68,891）及其解除1个月后（T2，n = 22,540）收集数据。利用横断面数据，我们估计了T1和T2时自杀念头、严重焦虑（状态-特质焦虑量表，状态分量表）、抑郁（贝克抑郁量表）和压力（感知压力量表）的患病率。利用纵向数据（n = 6,346），我们在社会人口学特征、不稳定指标、健康相关数据、社会环境信息和媒体消费中确定了心理健康不良结果的风险因素，并对基线心理健康状况进行了调整。
我们发现，与隔离期间相比，隔离1个月后严重压力（21.7%）、焦虑（22.1%）和抑郁（13.9%）的患病率较低（分别为24.8%、27.5%和16.1%）。自杀念头的患病率从11.4%上升到13.2%。无论隔离期间是否存在症状，有四个因素在隔离解除1个月后与心理健康不良结果系统性相关：女性、隔离前融入感低、隔离期间社会关系质量低以及有精神科随访史。
严重压力、焦虑和抑郁的患病率虽然低于首次封锁期间，但在封锁解除后仍然很高。自杀意念的患病率上升。这凸显了将疫情对学生的持久心理影响视为一个关键公共卫生问题的必要性。
