Department of Nuclear Medicine and Endocrine Oncology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Gliwice Branch, Gliwice, Poland.
Department of Oncological Endocrinology and Nuclear Medicine, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland.
Endokrynol Pol. 2022;73(2):173-300. doi: 10.5603/EP.a2022.0028.
The guidelines Thyroid Cancer 2022 are prepared based on previous Polish recommendations updated in 2018. They consider international guidelines - American Thyroid Association (ATA) 2015 and National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN); however, they are adapted according to the ADAPTE process. The strength of the recommendations and the quality of the scientific evidence are assessed according to the GRADE system and the ATA 2015 and NCCN recommendations. The core of the changes made in the Polish recommendations is the inclusion of international guidelines and the results of those scientific studies that have already proven themselves prospectively. These extensions allow de-escalation of the therapeutic management in low-risk thyroid carcinoma, i.e., enabling active surveillance in papillary microcarcinoma to be chosen alternatively to minimally invasive techniques after agreeing on such management with the patient. Further extensions allow the use of thyroid lobectomy with the isthmus (hemithyroidectomy) in low-risk cancer up to 2 cm in diameter, modification of the indications for postoperative radioiodine treatment toward personalized approach, and clarification of the criteria used during postoperative L-thyroxine treatment. At the same time, the criteria for the preoperative differential diagnosis of nodular goiter in terms of ultrasonography and fine-needle aspiration biopsy have been clarified, and the rules for the histopathological examination of postoperative thyroid material have been updated. New, updated rules for monitoring patients after treatment are also presented. The updated recommendations focus on ensuring the best possible quality of life after thyroid cancer treatment while maintaining the good efficacy of this treatment.
《2022 年甲状腺癌诊治指南》是在 2018 年更新的波兰既往推荐意见基础上编写的。指南参考了国际指南——美国甲状腺协会(ATA)2015 年版和美国国家综合癌症网络(NCCN)指南,同时根据 ADAPTE 流程进行了调整。推荐意见的强度和科学证据的质量根据 GRADE 系统以及 ATA 2015 年版和 NCCN 指南进行评估。波兰推荐意见的修订核心是纳入了国际指南和已前瞻性证实的研究结果。这些扩展允许在低危甲状腺癌中降低治疗管理强度,例如,在与患者达成共识后,可以选择对直径≤2cm 的甲状腺微小乳头状癌进行主动监测,而不是采用微创技术。进一步扩展允许在低危肿瘤中应用甲状腺叶加峡部切除术(半甲状腺切除术),对术后放射性碘治疗的适应证进行个体化调整,明确术后 L-甲状腺素治疗期间使用的标准。同时,还明确了超声和细针抽吸活检在结节性甲状腺肿术前鉴别诊断中的标准,并更新了术后甲状腺组织的病理检查规则。还提出了新的、更新的治疗后患者监测规则。更新后的推荐意见重点是在保持甲状腺癌治疗良好效果的同时,确保治疗后获得尽可能好的生活质量。