Wang Chenhui, Spradling Allan C
Department of Embryology, Carnegie Institution for Science, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
Sci Adv. 2022 May 20;8(20):eabn7436. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.abn7436.
renal stem cells (RSCs) contradict the common expectation that stem cells maintain tissue homeostasis. RSCs are abundant, quiescent, and confined to the peri-ureter region of the kidney-like Malpighian tubules (MTs). Although derived during pupation-like intestinal stem cells, RSCs initially remodel the larval MTs only near the intestinal junction. However, following adult injury to the ureter by xanthine stones, RSCs remodel the damaged region in a similar manner. Thus, RSCs represent stem cells encoding a developmental redesign. The remodeled tubules have a larger luminal diameter and shorter brush border, changes linked to enhanced stone resistance. However, RSC-mediated modifications also raise salt sensitivity and reduce fecundity. Our results suggest that RSCs arose by arresting developmental progenitors to preserve larval physiology until a time in adulthood when it becomes advantageous to complete the development by RSC activation.
肾干细胞（RSCs）与干细胞维持组织稳态的普遍预期相悖。肾干细胞数量丰富、处于静止状态，且局限于类似马尔皮基氏小管（MTs）的肾脏输尿管周围区域。尽管肾干细胞在化蛹期类似肠道干细胞那样产生，但它们最初仅在肠道连接处附近重塑幼虫的马尔皮基氏小管。然而，成年后输尿管因黄嘌呤结石受损时，肾干细胞会以类似方式重塑受损区域。因此，肾干细胞代表了编码发育重新设计的干细胞。重塑后的小管管腔直径更大，刷状缘更短，这些变化与增强的抗结石能力有关。然而，肾干细胞介导的改变也会提高盐敏感性并降低繁殖力。我们的研究结果表明，肾干细胞是通过阻止发育祖细胞产生的，以维持幼虫生理状态，直到成年期的某个时刻，通过激活肾干细胞来完成发育变得有利。
