School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology, Beijing 102617, China.
State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China.
J Hazard Mater. 2022 Aug 15;436:129143. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129143. Epub 2022 May 13.
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their nitrated derivatives (NPAHs) attract continuous attention due to their distinct carcinogenicity and mutagenicity. To investigate the characteristics, sources, formation mechanism and health risk assessment of PAHs and NPAHs, PM were collected at an urban site in Beijing from 2017 to 2018. The highest PAHs and NPAHs concentrations were 77.92 ± 54.62 ng/m and 963.71 ± 695.06 pg/m in the winter campaign, which were several times larger than those in other seasonal campaigns. Distinct diurnal variations of nocturnal levels higher than daytime levels were shown for PAHs and NPAHs. Source analysis indicated that besides vehicle exhaust, biomass burning and coal combustion were important sources of PAHs and NPAHs in the fall and winter campaigns. Secondary formation in atmosphere was another source of NPAHs especially in the spring and summer campaigns. NO and RH could positively influence the heterogeneous formation of NPAHs when RH was less than 60%. Quantum calculation results confirmed the formation pathway of 2N-FLA from the OH/NO-initiated oxidation of FLA. The results of health risk assessment showed the potential health risks for the residents, especially in the winter campaign. These results indicated that PAHs and NPAHs still deserve attention following with the decrease concentrations of particulate matter.
多环芳烃（PAHs）及其硝化衍生物（NPAHs）因其明显的致癌性和致突变性而引起持续关注。为了研究 PAHs 和 NPAHs 的特征、来源、形成机制和健康风险评估，于 2017 年至 2018 年在北京的一个城区采集了 PM。冬季战役中 PAHs 和 NPAHs 的最高浓度分别为 77.92 ± 54.62 ng/m 和 963.71 ± 695.06 pg/m，是其他季节战役的数倍。PAHs 和 NPAHs 表现出明显的夜间浓度高于白天浓度的日变化特征。来源分析表明，除机动车尾气外，生物质燃烧和煤炭燃烧也是秋季和冬季 PAHs 和 NPAHs 的重要来源。大气二次形成也是 NPAHs 的另一个来源，尤其是在春季和夏季战役中。当 RH 小于 60%时，NO 和 RH 可以积极影响 NPAHs 的非均相形成。量子计算结果证实了 2N-FLA 从 FLA 的 OH/NO 引发氧化形成的途径。健康风险评估的结果表明，居民存在潜在的健康风险，尤其是在冬季战役中。这些结果表明，随着颗粒物浓度的降低，PAHs 和 NPAHs 仍然值得关注。
