Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Shohadaye Gomnam BLD, ALEM Square, Yazd, Iran.
Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
BMC Neurosci. 2022 May 20;23(1):28. doi: 10.1186/s12868-022-00713-z.
Psychological disorders including depression, anxiety, and stress comprise a huge public health problem. The aim of this cross-sectional study is to assess the relationship between dietary glycemic index (DGI) and glycemic load (DGL) and mental disorders.
Participants (n = 10,000) aged 20-69 were randomly selected from 200 clusters in Yazd from the recruitment phase of Yazd Health Study. The dietary intake of study participants was collected by a reliable and validated food frequency questionnaire consisting of 178 food items. DGI and DGL were calculated from the FFQ data using previously published reference values. To assess psychological disorders an Iranian validated short version of a self-reported questionnaire Depression Anxiety Stress Scales 21 was used.
There were no significant associations between DGI and DGL with odds of depression or anxiety in crude and adjusted models. However, individuals in the highest quartiles of DGL had the lowest odds of stress (OR: 0.69; 95% CI 0.47-1, P-trend = 0.023). This association remained significant after adjustment for potential confounding variables in model I (OR: 0.45; 95% CI 0.22-0.9, P-trend = 0.023), model II (OR: 0.46; 95% CI 0.22-0.96, P-trend = 0.039) and model III (OR: 0.46; 95% CI 0.22-0.96, P-trend = 0.042).
In conclusion, consumption of foods with higher GL was associated with lower odds of stress; however, no significant association was found between DGI or DGL and risk of depression and anxiety. Performing further studies with longitudinal design is suggested to confirm these results.
包括抑郁、焦虑和压力在内的心理障碍是一个巨大的公共卫生问题。本横断面研究旨在评估膳食血糖指数(DGI)和血糖负荷(DGL)与精神障碍之间的关系。
参与者(n=10000)年龄在 20-69 岁,从亚兹德健康研究的招募阶段中随机抽取自亚兹德的 200 个聚类。研究参与者的饮食摄入通过一份可靠和有效的 178 种食物的食物频率问卷收集。使用以前发表的参考值从 FFQ 数据中计算 DGI 和 DGL。使用经过伊朗验证的简短版自我报告问卷抑郁焦虑压力量表 21 评估心理障碍。
在未调整和调整模型中,DGI 和 DGL 与抑郁或焦虑的几率均无显著关联。然而,DGL 最高四分位数的个体发生压力的几率最低(OR:0.69;95%CI 0.47-1,P 趋势=0.023)。在模型 I(OR:0.45;95%CI 0.22-0.9,P 趋势=0.023)、模型 II(OR:0.46;95%CI 0.22-0.96,P 趋势=0.039)和模型 III(OR:0.46;95%CI 0.22-0.96,P 趋势=0.042)中调整潜在混杂变量后,这种关联仍然显著。
总之,较高 GL 的食物摄入与较低的压力几率相关;然而,DGI 或 DGL 与抑郁和焦虑风险之间没有显著关联。建议进行进一步的具有纵向设计的研究来证实这些结果。