Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, University of Rzeszow, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland.
Nutrients. 2023 May 23;15(11):2433. doi: 10.3390/nu15112433.
Depression is classified as one of the most common mental disorders. Its prevalence has recently increased, becoming a growing public health threat. This review focuses on clarifying the role and importance of individual nutrients in the diet and the impact of nutrient deficiencies on the risk of depression. Deficiencies in nutrients such as protein, B vitamins, vitamin D, magnesium, zinc, selenium, iron, calcium, and omega-3 fatty acids have a significant impact on brain and nervous system function, which can affect the appearance of depressive symptoms. However, it is important to remember that diet in itself is not the only factor influencing the risk of or helping to treat depression. There are many other aspects, such as physical activity, sleep, stress management, and social support, that also play an important role in maintaining mental health. The data review observed that most of the available analyses are based on cross-sectional studies. Further studies, including prospective cohort, case-control studies, are recommended to draw more reliable conclusions.
抑郁症被归类为最常见的精神障碍之一。其患病率最近有所上升，成为日益严重的公共卫生威胁。本综述重点阐述了饮食中个体营养素的作用和重要性，以及营养素缺乏对抑郁症风险的影响。蛋白质、B 族维生素、维生素 D、镁、锌、硒、铁、钙和欧米伽 3 脂肪酸等营养素的缺乏对大脑和神经系统功能有重大影响，可能会影响抑郁症状的出现。然而，需要记住的是，饮食本身并不是影响抑郁症风险或帮助治疗抑郁症的唯一因素。还有许多其他方面，如身体活动、睡眠、压力管理和社会支持，也对维护心理健康起着重要作用。数据综述观察到，大多数现有分析都是基于横断面研究。建议开展包括前瞻性队列、病例对照研究在内的进一步研究，以得出更可靠的结论。
