1Department of Community Nutrition,School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics,Tehran University of Medical Sciences,PO Box 1416643931,Tehran,Iran.
3Department of Clinical Psychology,University of Tehran,Tehran,Iran.
Br J Nutr. 2019 May;121(9):1049-1056. doi: 10.1017/S0007114519000229. Epub 2019 Feb 4.
Previous studies have shown that unhealthy dietary patterns are among the most important modifiable risk factors in the development of mental health disorders. We examined the association of dietary phytochemical index (DPI) with symptoms of depression, anxiety and psychological distress in Iranian women. In this cross-sectional study, a total of 488 women aged 20-50 years old attending health centres in the south of Tehran in 2018 were included. A validated and reliable FFQ was used for dietary assessment. Symptoms of depression, anxiety and psychological distress were assessed using a validated depression, anxiety, stress scales questionnaires with twenty-one-items. DPI was estimated using the following formula: (daily energy derived from phytochemical-rich foods (kJ)/total daily energy intake (kJ))×100. The mean age of the study participants was 31·9 (sd 7·7) years. The prevalence of depressive symptoms, anxiety and psychological distress among study participants was 34·6, 40·6 and 42·4 %, respectively. After controlling for potential confounders, women in the highest tertile of DPI had a lower prevalence of depressive symptoms (OR 0·22; 95 % CI 0·12, 0·38) and anxiety (OR 0·33; 95 % CI 0·20, 0·55), as well as psychological distress (OR 0·30; 95 % CI 0·18, 0·49) compared with those in the lowest tertile. In conclusion, we found a significant association between DPI and mental health in women. Prospective studies are needed to confirm these findings.
先前的研究表明，不健康的饮食模式是心理健康障碍发展过程中最重要的可改变的风险因素之一。我们研究了伊朗女性的饮食植物化学指数（DPI）与抑郁、焦虑和心理困扰症状之间的关系。在这项横断面研究中，共有 488 名年龄在 20-50 岁之间的女性于 2018 年参加了德黑兰南部的健康中心。使用经过验证和可靠的 FFQ 进行饮食评估。使用经过验证的抑郁、焦虑和压力量表问卷的 21 项评估抑郁、焦虑和心理困扰症状。DPI 是通过以下公式估算的：（每天从富含植物化学物质的食物中获取的能量（kJ）/每天总能量摄入（kJ））×100。研究参与者的平均年龄为 31.9（sd 7.7）岁。研究参与者中抑郁症状、焦虑和心理困扰的患病率分别为 34.6%、40.6%和 42.4%。在控制了潜在的混杂因素后，DPI 最高三分位的女性抑郁症状（OR 0.22；95%CI 0.12，0.38）和焦虑（OR 0.33；95%CI 0.20，0.55）的患病率以及心理困扰（OR 0.30；95%CI 0.18，0.49）均低于最低三分位的女性。总之，我们发现 DPI 与女性的心理健康之间存在显著关联。需要前瞻性研究来证实这些发现。
