Sofia University "St. Kliment Ohridski", Faculty of Biology, Dept. of Genetics, Sofia, Bulgaria.
Medical University of Sofia, Faculty of Medicine, Dept. of Medical Microbiology, Sofia, Bulgaria.
Mar Pollut Bull. 2022 Jul;180:113751. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.113751. Epub 2022 May 18.
Molecular genetic studies of stools were performed to assess the spread of some clinically relevant antimicrobial resistance determinants (ARD) in a gentoo penguin (Pygoscelis papua) and an Antarctic fur seal (Arctocephalus gazella) on Livingston Island. Glycopeptide resistance genes (vanA/vanD and vanB) were detected in both fecal samples, while the penguin's one was also mecA-positive and bla-positive. Because of the remoteness and the isolation of the sampling locations, the carriage of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus spp., methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, and NDM-producing Enterobacterales or other gram-negative bacilli suggested an ocean pollution with antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB). Additionally, due to the type of ARD we detected, our results are alarming, and they cannot be explained only with agricultural and/or aquacultural pollution. Even though the current study is a preliminary one, it also demonstrates the potential of the field genetics analyses carried out with minimal equipment as a reliable monitoring tool for pollution with ARB.
对利文斯顿岛的一只巴布亚企鹅（Pygoscelis papua）和一只南极海狗（Arctocephalus gazella）的粪便进行了分子遗传学研究，以评估一些临床相关的抗生素耐药决定因素（ARD）的传播。在两个粪便样本中均检测到糖肽类耐药基因（vanA/vanD 和 vanB），而企鹅的样本还同时携带 mecA 和 bla 阳性。由于采样地点偏远且隔离，携带万古霉素耐药肠球菌、耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌和产 NDM 的肠杆菌科或其他革兰氏阴性杆菌表明海洋受到了抗生素耐药细菌（ARB）的污染。此外，由于我们检测到的 ARD 类型，我们的结果令人震惊，这不能仅用农业和/或水产养殖污染来解释。尽管目前的研究只是初步的，但它也证明了在最小设备条件下进行的现场遗传学分析作为 ARB 污染的可靠监测工具的潜力。
