Histogram analysis of F-FDG PET imaging SUVs may predict the histologic grade of oral squamous cell carcinoma.

OBJECTIVE

We tested the hypothesis that histogram analysis parameters of standardized uptake values (SUVs) obtained preoperatively using F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (F-FDG PET) are significantly influenced by differences in metabolic capacity due to the histologic grade of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).

STUDY DESIGN

The study included 62 patients who were clinically diagnosed with OSCC and received surgical treatment after an F-FDG PET examination. Histogram analysis was performed using all voxels contained in the tumor area of each patient with an SUV ≥2.5. The histogram parameters calculated were the mean and standard deviation of SUVs, maximum SUV, metabolic tumor volume, skewness, and kurtosis. Statistical analyses were performed using a Mann-Whitney U test to calculate the significance of differences in these parameters between groups with well- and moderately- or poorly-differentiated tumors. Statistical significance was assumed at P < .05.

RESULTS

Only a comparison of kurtosis in the histogram showed a significant difference between the well- and moderately/poorly-differentiated tumors (P = .0294).

CONCLUSIONS

The distribution of metabolic capacity in oral squamous cell carcinoma tissues revealed on an F-FDG PET examination may help identify the histologic grade. This finding may provide valuable information for determining the subsequent treatment plan and predicting disease prognosis.