Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Center on Aging and Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
J Alzheimers Dis. 2022;88(2):459-469. doi: 10.3233/JAD-215544.
Gradual disengagement from daily physical activity (PA) could signal present or emerging mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or Alzheimer's disease (AD).
This study examined whether accelerometry-derived patterns of everyday movement differ by cognitive diagnosis in participants of the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging (BLSA).
Activity patterns, overall and by time-of-day, were cross-sectionally compared between participants with adjudicated normal cognition (n = 549) and MCI/AD diagnoses (n = 36; 5 participants [14%] living with AD) using covariate-adjusted regression models.
Compared to those with normal cognition, those with MCI/AD had 2.1% higher activity fragmentation (SE = 1.0%, p = 0.036) but similar mean total activity counts/day (p = 0.075) and minutes/day spent active (p = 0.174). Time-of-day analyses show MCI/AD participants had lower activity counts and minutes spent active during waking hours (6:00 am-5:59 pm; p < 0.01 for all). Also, they had lower activity fragmentation from 12:00-5:59 am (p < 0.001), but higher fragmentation from 12:00-5:59 pm (p = 0.026).
Differences in the timing and patterns of physical activity throughout the day linked to MCI/AD diagnoses warrant further investigation into potential clinical utility.
日常体力活动（PA）的逐渐减少可能预示着当前或即将出现轻度认知障碍（MCI）或阿尔茨海默病（AD）。
本研究旨在探讨加速度计得出的日常活动模式是否因巴尔的摩纵向老龄化研究（BLSA）参与者的认知诊断而有所不同。
使用协变量调整的回归模型，对经裁决认知正常（n=549）和 MCI/AD 诊断（n=36；5 名[14%]患有 AD]）参与者的活动模式（总体和按时间）进行横断面比较。
与认知正常者相比，MCI/AD 者的活动碎片化程度高 2.1%（SE=1.0%，p=0.036），但平均每日总活动计数（p=0.075）和每日活跃分钟数（p=0.174）相似。时间分析表明，MCI/AD 参与者在清醒时间（6：00 am-5：59 pm；所有时间均 p<0.01）的活动计数和活跃分钟数较低。此外，他们在 12：00-5：59 am 的活动碎片化程度较低（p<0.001），但在 12：00-5：59 pm 的碎片化程度较高（p=0.026）。
与 MCI/AD 诊断相关的全天体力活动的时间和模式的差异值得进一步研究其潜在的临床应用价值。
