Cojocaru Cristian, Cojocaru Elena, Turcanu Adina Magdalena, Zaharia Dragos Cosmin
Medical III Department, 'Grigore T. Popa' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania.
Morpho-Functional Sciences II Department, 'Grigore T. Popa' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania.
Exp Ther Med. 2022 Jun;23(6):416. doi: 10.3892/etm.2022.11343. Epub 2022 Apr 28.
Since the first cases of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, there have been challenges recognizing the clinical features of SARS-CoV-2 and identifying therapeutic options. This has been compounded by viral mutations that affect clinical response and primary epidemiological indicators. Multiple variants of SARS-CoV-2 have been identified and classified on the basis of nomenclature implemented by scientific organizations and the World Health Organisation (WHO). A total of five variants of concern (VOCs) have been identified to date. The present study aimed to analyse clinical and epidemiological features of each variant. Based on these characteristics, predictions were made about potential future evolution. Considering the time and location of SARS-CoV-2 VOC emergence, it was hypothesised that mutations were not due to pressure caused by the vaccines introduced in December 2020 but were dependent on natural characteristics of the virus. In the process of adapting to the human body, SARS-CoV-2 is expected to undergo evolution to become more contagious but less deadly. SARS-CoV-2 was hypothesized to continue spread through isolated epidemic outbreaks due to the unimmunized population, mostly unvaccinated children and adults, and for coronaviruses to continue to present a public health problem.
自首次出现严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）感染病例以来，识别SARS-CoV-2的临床特征并确定治疗方案一直面临挑战。影响临床反应和主要流行病学指标的病毒突变使这一情况更加复杂。已根据科学组织和世界卫生组织（WHO）实施的命名法识别并分类了多种SARS-CoV-2变体。迄今为止，共识别出五种值得关注的变体（VOC）。本研究旨在分析每种变体的临床和流行病学特征。基于这些特征，对未来可能的演变进行了预测。考虑到SARS-CoV-2 VOC出现的时间和地点，有人提出突变并非由2020年12月推出的疫苗所造成的压力引起，而是取决于病毒的自然特性。在适应人体的过程中，预计SARS-CoV-2会发生进化，变得更具传染性但致死性降低。有人提出，由于未接种疫苗的人群（主要是未接种疫苗的儿童和成人），SARS-CoV-2将继续通过孤立的疫情爆发传播，并且冠状病毒将继续构成公共卫生问题。
