Arnold Nancy, Ascherl Rudolf Georg, Thome Ulrich Herbert
Division of Neonatology, Center for Pediatric Research, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
Front Pediatr. 2022 May 4;10:838333. doi: 10.3389/fped.2022.838333. eCollection 2022.
To date cranial development has only been described by analyzing occipitofrontal circumference (OFC). More precise methods of determining head measurements have not been widely adopted. The use of additional measurements has the potential to better account for the three-dimensional structure of the head. Our aim was to put forward centile curves of such measurements for gestational age along with a compound head volume index.
We created generalized additive models for location, scale, and shape of two ear-to-ear distances (EED), transfontanellar (fEED) and transvertical (vEED), from birth anthropometric data. Same was done for OFC, crown-heel length, and birth weight to allow for comparison of our models with growth charts by Voigt et al. and Fenton and Kim.
Growth charts and tables of LMS parameters for fEED and vEED were derived from 6,610 patients admitted to our NICU and 625 healthy term newborns. With increasing gestational age EEDs increase about half as fast compared to OFC in absolute terms, their relative growths are fairly similar.
Differences to the charts by Fenton and Kim are minute. Tape measurements, such as fEED or vEED can be added to routine anthropometry at little extra costs. These charts may be helpful for following and evaluating head sizes and growth of preterm and term infants in three dimensions.
迄今为止，颅骨发育仅通过分析枕额周长（OFC）来描述。尚未广泛采用更精确的头部测量方法。使用额外的测量方法有可能更好地描述头部的三维结构。我们的目的是提出此类测量值针对胎龄的百分位数曲线以及一个复合头容积指数。
我们根据出生时的人体测量数据，为两个耳间距离（EED）、经囟门（fEED）和经垂直（vEED）的位置、尺度和形状创建了广义相加模型。对枕额周长、顶跟长度和出生体重也进行了同样的操作，以便将我们的模型与Voigt等人以及Fenton和Kim的生长图表进行比较。
fEED和vEED的生长图表以及LMS参数表来自于入住我们新生儿重症监护病房的6610例患者和625例足月健康新生儿。随着胎龄增加，耳间距离的增长速度相对于枕额周长而言，绝对值上约为其一半，它们的相对生长情况相当相似。
与Fenton和Kim的图表差异极小。诸如fEED或vEED等卷尺测量可以以很少的额外成本添加到常规人体测量中。这些图表可能有助于从三维角度跟踪和评估早产儿和足月儿的头部大小及生长情况。
