Paudel Govinda, Amatya Neetu, Saud Bhuvan, Wagle Sunita, Shrestha Vikram, Adhikari Bibhav
MSc, Assistant Prof, Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Janamaitri Foundation Institute of Health Sciences (JFIHS), GPO Box 8322, Kathmandu, Nepal.
BSc, Clinical Laboratory Instructor, Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Janamaitri Foundation Institute of Health Sciences (JFIHS), GPO Box 8322, Kathmandu, Nepal.
Germs. 2022 Mar 31;12(1):86-98. doi: 10.18683/germs.2022.1309. eCollection 2022 Mar.
In low- and middle-income countries including Nepal, respiratory tract infection (RTI) is considered as one of the most prominent public health problems in children. Multiple carriage of respiratory pathogens is common in children, especially in preschoolers as they are easily transmitted through close contact and poor hygienic condition. Thus, this research is based on the study of prevalence, co-existence, associated factors and antibiogram of nasal isolates among healthy preschoolers.
The study was conducted in four randomly selected kindergarten schools (two government run and two private run) of Bhaktapur Municipality. Out of a total 140 students, 136 eligible participants of age group 2-5 years old were involved in the study. Nasal swab was collected for the isolation of five target isolates ( and ) and their antibiotic resistance determination.
Of 136 participants involved, 128 (94.5%) were positive for carriage of at least one of the target bacteria. The most common isolate was 62.5% (80/128) followed by 43.0% (55/128). There was a significant difference in bacterial carriage with respect to type of school (p value<0.05, OR=0.50, CI=0.20-0.90). Regarding bacterial co-existence, the most common co-existence was of and & and 48.8%. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that was negatively associated with , and and was positively associated with and . Multidrug resistance was seen in 63 isolates (29.4%).
Nepalese kindergarten children are at a high risk of respiratory tract infection by multidrug resistant bacteria.
在包括尼泊尔在内的低收入和中等收入国家，呼吸道感染（RTI）被视为儿童中最突出的公共卫生问题之一。呼吸道病原体的多重携带在儿童中很常见，尤其是在学龄前儿童中，因为它们很容易通过密切接触和卫生条件差而传播。因此，本研究基于对健康学龄前儿童鼻腔分离株的患病率、共存情况、相关因素和抗菌谱的研究。
该研究在巴克塔普尔市随机选择的四所幼儿园（两所公立和两所私立）进行。在总共140名学生中，136名年龄在2至5岁的符合条件的参与者参与了研究。采集鼻拭子以分离五种目标分离株（和）并测定其抗生素耐药性。
在参与的136名参与者中，128名（94.5%）至少携带一种目标细菌呈阳性。最常见的分离株是62.5%（80/128），其次是43.0%（55/128）。学校类型在细菌携带方面存在显著差异（p值<0.05，OR = 0.50，CI = 0.20 - 0.90）。关于细菌共存，最常见的共存情况是和以及和48.8%。多元逻辑回归分析表明，与、和呈负相关，与和呈正相关。63株分离株（29.4%）出现多重耐药。
尼泊尔幼儿园儿童面临耐多药细菌引起呼吸道感染的高风险。
