等待安全投票：新冠疫情安全措施如何影响2020年选举期间亲自投票的等待时间。
Waiting to vote safely: How Covid-19 safety measures shaped in-person voter wait times during the 2020 election.
作者信息
Coll Joseph
机构信息
Department of Political Science University of Iowa Iowa City Iowa USA.
出版信息
Soc Sci Q. 2022 Mar;103(2):380-398. doi: 10.1111/ssqu.13124. Epub 2022 Mar 9.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this article is to assess the impact of Covid-19 safety measures on voter wait times during the 2020 U.S. election.
METHODS
Multinomial logistic regression models predicting voter wait times contingent on the presence of Covid safety measures: poll workers wearing face coverings, protective barriers separating voters and workers, voters and booths socially distanced, hand sanitizer, single-use ballot marking pens, and cleaning voting booths between voters, as well as an additive index of these measures.
RESULTS
Findings suggest Covid-safety measures significantly affected voter wait times. Effects vary by Covid safety feature, with face coverings, barriers, social distancing, and cleaning booths increasing voter wait times (typically around 10-30 min), single-use pens decreasing voter wait times, and hand sanitizer having no effect. Results are further confirmed using an additive index.
CONCLUSION
Covid safety features likely increased voter wait times during the 2020 U.S. election, potentially accounting for a portion of the increased voter wait time, compared to previous elections.
目的
本文旨在评估2020年美国大选期间新冠疫情安全措施对选民等待时间的影响。
方法
采用多项逻辑回归模型，根据新冠疫情安全措施的存在情况预测选民等待时间，这些措施包括：投票工作人员佩戴面罩、设置分隔选民与工作人员的防护屏障、选民与投票亭保持社交距离、提供洗手液、使用一次性选票标记笔以及在选民之间清洁投票亭，以及这些措施的综合指数。
结果
研究结果表明，新冠疫情安全措施显著影响了选民等待时间。不同的新冠疫情安全措施产生的影响各异，佩戴面罩、设置屏障、保持社交距离以及清洁投票亭会增加选民等待时间（通常约为10 - 30分钟），使用一次性笔会减少选民等待时间，而洗手液则没有影响。使用综合指数进一步证实了结果。
结论
与以往选举相比，新冠疫情安全措施可能在2020年美国大选中增加了选民等待时间，这可能是选民等待时间增加的部分原因。
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