Faculty of Crop Protection, Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam, Pakistan.
National Sugar and Tropical Horticulture Research Institute, PARC, Thatta, Pakistan.
PLoS One. 2022 May 23;17(5):e0268781. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0268781. eCollection 2022.
Whip smut disease of sugarcane, caused by Sporisorium scitamineum, is considered one of the main constraints in the successful cultivation of sugarcane. The pathogen infection can decrease the quantity and quality of the produce. Cultivation of resistant varieties is the most feasible strategy to combat the harms of this devastating disease. Development of varieties having disease-resistance together with improved important traits such as brix, pol, purity, CSS, and low fiber contents are desirable. Therefore, we documented the variances in quality traits of 104 sugarcane cultivars under disease pressure in split-plot design with 6 replications. The split ANOVA revealed a highly significant impact (p<0.0001) between treatments (inoculated and uninoculated), within cultivars as well as interaction 'Cultivars x Treatments' effect on brix, pol, fiber, purity, and CSS contents. In inoculated plots, the infection of S. scitamineum brought a highly significant reduction (t>4.032) in brix, pol, purity, and CSS of more than 40% of the cultivars used, as compared to the uninoculated ones. On the other hand, the smut infection caused a highly significant (t>4.032) increase in fiber percentage of 41 cultivars. We found significant positive correlations between smut rating and reduction of brix, pol, purity, and CSS contents. The cultivars that were caught with greater disease severity, compromised a higher reduction of their useful contents. Similarly, a significant positive correlation was found between increased fiber percent and smut rating. Remarkably, cultivars that showed immune reactions to whip smut disease were not statistically different from uninoculated ones in brix, pol, purity, CSS, and fiber contents. Variable effects of whip smut infection to quality parameters of different cultivars depict the importance of further improvement through breeding programs.
甘蔗鞭黑粉病由盾孢霉引起，是甘蔗成功种植的主要制约因素之一。病原菌感染会降低产量和质量。培育抗性品种是抵御这种破坏性疾病危害的最可行策略。理想情况下，培育的品种应具有抗性，同时还应改善重要性状，如糖分、纯度、可滴定酸、蔗汁锤度和纤维含量。因此，我们在裂区设计中以 6 个重复记录了 104 个甘蔗品种在病害压力下的品质性状差异。方差分析表明，处理（接种和未接种）、品种内以及品种与处理互作之间存在显著差异（p<0.0001），对糖分、纯度、纤维、可滴定酸和锤度含量有显著影响。在接种区，与未接种区相比，盾孢霉的感染使超过 40%的品种的糖分、纯度、可滴定酸和锤度显著降低（t>4.032）。另一方面，黑粉病的感染使 41 个品种的纤维含量显著增加（t>4.032）。我们发现黑粉病评分与糖分、纯度、可滴定酸和锤度含量的降低呈显著正相关。病情严重的品种，其有用成分的损失也更大。同样，纤维含量的增加与黑粉病评分呈显著正相关。值得注意的是，对鞭黑粉病表现出免疫反应的品种在糖分、纯度、可滴定酸、锤度和纤维含量方面与未接种品种没有统计学差异。不同品种受鞭黑粉病感染对品质参数的影响不同，这表明通过育种计划进一步改善的重要性。
