Department of Southern Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, Miryang, 50424, Republic of Korea.
Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Bioresources, Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
Sci Rep. 2022 May 23;12(1):8659. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-12661-z.
Interspecific somatic hybridization has been performed in potato breeding experiments to increase plant resistance against biotic and abiotic stress conditions. We analyzed the mitochondrial and plastid genomes and 45S nuclear ribosomal DNA (45S rDNA) for the cultivated potato (S. tuberosum, St), wild potato (S. commersonii, Sc), and their somatic hybrid (StSc). Complex genome components and structure, such as the hybrid form of 45S rDNA in StSc, unique plastome in Sc, and recombinant mitogenome were identified. However, the mitogenome exhibited dynamic multipartite structures in both species as well as in the somatic hybrid. In St, the mitogenome is 756,058 bp and is composed of five subgenomes ranging from 297,014 to 49,171 bp. In Sc, it is 552,103 bp long and is composed of two sub-genomes of 338,427 and 213,676 bp length. StSc has 447,645 bp long mitogenome with two subgenomes of length 398,439 and 49,206 bp. The mitogenome structure exhibited dynamic recombination mediated by tandem repeats; however, it contained highly conserved genes in the three species. Among the 35 protein-coding genes of the StSc mitogenome, 21 were identical for all the three species, and 12 and 2 were unique in Sc and St, respectively. The recombinant mitogenome might be derived from homologous recombination between both species during somatic hybrid development.
种间体细胞杂交已应用于马铃薯育种实验中，以提高植物对生物和非生物胁迫条件的抗性。我们分析了栽培马铃薯（S. tuberosum，St）、野生马铃薯（S. commersonii，Sc）及其体细胞杂种（StSc）的线粒体和质体基因组以及 45S 核核糖体 DNA（45S rDNA）。鉴定出了复杂的基因组成分和结构，如 StSc 中 45S rDNA 的杂种形式、Sc 中独特的质体基因组和重组的线粒体基因组。然而，线粒体基因组在两个物种以及体细胞杂种中都表现出动态的多分体结构。在 St 中，线粒体基因组长 756,058bp，由五个亚基因组组成，范围从 297,014bp 到 49,171bp。在 Sc 中，它长 552,103bp，由两个亚基因组组成，长度分别为 338,427bp 和 213,676bp。StSc 的线粒体基因组长 447,645bp，由两个亚基因组组成，长度分别为 398,439bp 和 49,206bp。线粒体基因组结构表现出由串联重复介导的动态重组，但在这三个物种中都含有高度保守的基因。在 StSc 线粒体基因组的 35 个蛋白质编码基因中，有 21 个在这三个物种中完全相同，12 个和 2 个分别在 Sc 和 St 中是独特的。重组的线粒体基因组可能是在体细胞杂种发育过程中来自两个物种之间的同源重组。
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