Faculty of Sociology, Anthropology and Folkloristics, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland.
Early Childhood Studies, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, Canada.
Acta Paediatr. 2022 Sep;111(9):1670-1681. doi: 10.1111/apa.16422. Epub 2022 Jun 12.
Critically review research methods used to elicit children and young people's views and experiences in the first year of COVID-19, using an ethical and child rights lens.
A systematic search of peer-reviewed literature on children and young people's perspectives and experiences of COVID-19. LEGEND (Let Evidence Guide Every New Decision) tools were applied to assess the quality of included studies. The critical review methodology addressed four ethical parameters: (1) Duty of care; (2) Children and young people's consent; (3) Communication of findings; and (4) Reflexivity.
Two phases of searches identified 8131 studies; 27 studies were included for final analysis, representing 43,877 children and young people's views. Most studies were from high-income countries. Three major themes emerged: (a) Whose voices are heard; (b) How are children and young people heard; and (c) How do researchers engage in reflexivity and ethical practice? Online surveys of children and young people from middle-class backgrounds dominated the research during COVID-19. Three studies actively involved children and young people in the research process; two documented a rights-based framework. There was limited attention paid to some ethical issues, particularly the lack of inclusion of children and young people in research processes.
There are equity gaps in accessing the experiences of children and young people from disadvantaged settings. Most children and young people were not involved in shaping research methods by soliciting their voices.
从伦理和儿童权利的角度，批判性地回顾 COVID-19 第一年中用于收集儿童和青少年观点和经验的研究方法。
对儿童和青少年对 COVID-19 的观点和经验的同行评议文献进行系统搜索。使用 LEGEND（让证据指导每一个新决策）工具来评估纳入研究的质量。批判性审查方法解决了四个伦理参数：（1）护理责任；（2）儿童和青少年的同意；（3）研究结果的交流；和（4）反思。
两个阶段的搜索确定了 8131 项研究；最终分析纳入了 27 项研究，代表了 43877 名儿童和青少年的观点。大多数研究来自高收入国家。出现了三个主要主题：（a）谁的声音被听到；（b）如何倾听儿童和青少年的声音；以及（c）研究人员如何进行反思和遵守伦理规范？在 COVID-19 期间，针对中产阶级背景的儿童和青少年的在线调查占据了研究的主导地位。有三项研究积极让儿童和青少年参与研究过程；有两项研究记录了一个基于权利的框架。有些伦理问题，特别是没有让儿童和青少年参与研究过程，没有得到足够的关注。
在获取来自弱势背景的儿童和青少年的经验方面存在公平差距。大多数儿童和青少年没有参与塑造研究方法，征求他们的意见。
