Centro Nacional de Gripe de Valladolid, Edifico Rondilla, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain.
Centro Nacional de Gripe de Valladolid, Edifico Rondilla, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain.
An Pediatr (Engl Ed). 2022 Apr;96(4):334-341. doi: 10.1016/j.anpede.2021.03.002. Epub 2021 Mar 19.
Coinfections of influenza and other respiratory viruses (ORVs) are frequent in the epidemic season. The aim of this study was to examine the demographic and virological variables associated with coinfections by influenza and ORVs.
We analysed respiratory samples of patients with laboratory-confirmed influenza using molecular diagnostic methods obtained in 8 consecutive influenza seasons (2011-2012 to 2018-2019). We analysed data focusing on different variables: age, sex, type of patient (hospitalized/sentinel) and detected type/subtype of influenza.
Coinfections of influenza and ORVs were detected in 17.8% of influenza-positive samples. The probability of detecting coinfection was significantly higher in young children (0-4 years; OR: 2.7; 95% CI: 2.2-3.4), children (5-14 years; OR: 1.6; 95% CI: 1.2-2.1) and patients infected with the A(H3N2) subtype (OR: 1.4; 95% CI: 1.14-1.79). Also, we found a significantly higher frequency of coinfections involving influenza and 2 or more other respiratory viruses in young children (0-4 years; OR: 0.5; 95% CI: 0.32-0.8), adults (40-64 years; OR: 0.5; 95% CI: 0.3-0.9) and women (OR: 0.7; 95% CI: 0.5-0.9).
These results show that coinfections of influenza and ORVs are more frequent in young children and children, and in cases involving the A(H3N2) influenza subtype. Our findings can be useful to guide the use of multiplex diagnostic methods in laboratories with limited resources.
流感和其他呼吸道病毒（ORV）的合并感染在流行季节很常见。本研究的目的是研究与流感和 ORV 合并感染相关的人口统计学和病毒学变量。
我们使用分子诊断方法分析了 8 个连续流感季节（2011-2012 年至 2018-2019 年）中实验室确诊流感患者的呼吸道样本。我们分析了聚焦于不同变量的数据：年龄、性别、患者类型（住院/哨点）和检测到的流感类型/亚型。
在流感阳性样本中，检测到流感和 ORV 的合并感染率为 17.8%。在幼儿（0-4 岁；OR：2.7；95%CI：2.2-3.4）、儿童（5-14 岁；OR：1.6；95%CI：1.2-2.1）和感染 A(H3N2)亚型的患者中，检测到合并感染的概率显著更高。此外，我们发现，在幼儿（0-4 岁；OR：0.5；95%CI：0.32-0.8）、成年人（40-64 岁；OR：0.5；95%CI：0.3-0.9）和女性（OR：0.7；95%CI：0.5-0.9）中，流感与 2 种或更多其他呼吸道病毒的合并感染频率显著更高。
这些结果表明，流感和 ORV 的合并感染在幼儿和儿童中更为常见，并且在涉及 A(H3N2)流感亚型的情况下更为常见。我们的发现可用于指导资源有限的实验室使用多重诊断方法。
