Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
Analyst. 2022 Jun 13;147(12):2615-2632. doi: 10.1039/d2an00171c.
Drug resistance is a significant factor that hinders the success of cancer chemotherapy. The widely recognized mechanisms of drug resistance include changes to cell proliferation, cycle/apoptosis, drug metabolism/transport, DNA damage and the epithelial to mesenchymal transition. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), short non-coding RNAs with lengths of approximately 19-25 nucleotides, are related to cancer drug resistance, which is regulated by the aforementioned mechanisms. Based on the importance of miRNAs in regulating drug resistance, it is also necessary to take appropriate miRNA detection methods into consideration. To date, a number of advanced miRNA detection methods with high specificity and sensitivity have been developed, such as isothermal amplification-based methods, nanomaterial-based methods, chromatography-based methods, mass spectrometry-based methods and so on. Herein, biogenesis of miRNAs, the relationship between miRNAs and cancer drug resistance, and miRNA detection methods are introduced and discussed to facilitate the development of non-invasive diagnosis and inhibition of cancer drug resistance.
耐药性是阻碍癌症化疗成功的一个重要因素。耐药性的广泛认可机制包括细胞增殖、周期/凋亡、药物代谢/转运、DNA 损伤和上皮间质转化的改变。微 RNA（miRNA）是长度约为 19-25 个核苷酸的短非编码 RNA，与癌症耐药性有关，受上述机制调控。鉴于 miRNA 在调节耐药性方面的重要性，还需要考虑采用适当的 miRNA 检测方法。迄今为止，已经开发出了许多具有高特异性和灵敏度的先进 miRNA 检测方法，如基于等温扩增的方法、基于纳米材料的方法、基于色谱的方法、基于质谱的方法等。本文介绍并讨论了 miRNA 的生物发生、miRNA 与癌症耐药性的关系以及 miRNA 检测方法，以促进非侵入性诊断和抑制癌症耐药性的发展。
