National Center for International Research of Bio-Targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bio-Targeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Talent Highland of Bio-Targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China.
Clin Transl Oncol. 2022 Sep;24(9):1682-1701. doi: 10.1007/s12094-022-02830-x. Epub 2022 May 25.
With the in-depth research and wide application of immunotherapy recently, new therapies based on oncolytic viruses are expected to create new prospects for cancer treatment via eliminating the suppression of the immune system by tumors. Currently, an increasing number of viruses are developed and engineered, and various virus vectors based on effectively stimulating human immune system to kill tumor cells have been approved for clinical treatment. Although the virus can retard the proliferation of tumor cells, the choice of oncolytic viruses in biological cancer therapy is equally critical given their therapeutic efficacy, safety and adverse effects. Moreover, previously known oncolytic viruses have not been systematically classified. Therefore, in this review, we summarized and distinguished the characteristics of several common types of oncolytic viruses: herpes simplex virus, adenovirus, measles virus, Newcastle disease virus, reovirus and respiratory syncytial virus. Subsequently, we outlined that these oncolytic viral vectors have been transformed from preclinical studies in combination with immunotherapy, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and nanoparticles into clinical therapeutic strategies for various advanced solid malignancies or circulatory system cancers.
近年来，随着免疫疗法的深入研究和广泛应用，基于溶瘤病毒的新疗法有望通过消除肿瘤对免疫系统的抑制，为癌症治疗创造新的前景。目前，越来越多的病毒被开发和设计，并且基于有效刺激人体免疫系统杀死肿瘤细胞的各种病毒载体已被批准用于临床治疗。虽然病毒可以延缓肿瘤细胞的增殖，但鉴于溶瘤病毒的治疗效果、安全性和不良反应，在生物癌症治疗中选择溶瘤病毒同样至关重要。此外，以前已知的溶瘤病毒尚未得到系统分类。因此，在这篇综述中，我们总结和区分了几种常见类型的溶瘤病毒的特点：单纯疱疹病毒、腺病毒、麻疹病毒、新城疫病毒、呼肠孤病毒和呼吸道合胞病毒。随后，我们概述了这些溶瘤病毒载体已从临床前研究与免疫疗法、放射疗法、化学疗法和纳米粒子相结合转化为各种先进的实体恶性肿瘤或循环系统癌症的临床治疗策略。
