Song Tai-Fen, Chu Chien-Heng, Nien Jui-Ti, Li Ruei-Hong, Wang Hsin-Yi, Chen Ai-Guo, Chang Yi-Chieh, Yang Kao-Teng, Chang Yu-Kai
Department of Sport Performance, National Taiwan University of Sport, Taichung, Taiwan.
Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Front Hum Neurosci. 2022 May 9;16:862801. doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2022.862801. eCollection 2022.
This study investigates an association between obesity and cardiorespiratory fitness concerning their potential effects on cognitive flexibility in young adults from behavioral and neuroelectrical perspectives. Eligible young adults ( = 140, 18-25 years) were assigned into one of four groups, according to their status of obesity (i.e., body mass index) and cardiorespiratory fitness levels (i.e., estimated maximal oxygen uptake), namely, normal weight with high cardiorespiratory fitness (NH), obese with high cardiorespiratory fitness (OH), normal weight with low cardiorespiratory fitness (NL), and obese with low cardiorespiratory fitness (OL). The task-switching test was utilized, and its induced endogenous (P3) and exogenous (N1) event-related potential components were recorded. Concerning behavioral indices, the NH demonstrated superior behavioral performance across global switching and local switching of the task-switching test compared to individuals with lower cardiorespiratory fitness and obesity (i.e., NL, OH, and OL). Additionally, the OH demonstrated better performance than the OL during the heterogeneous condition. For neuroelectrical indices, the NH had larger mean P3 amplitudes during global and local switching than the other three groups. A larger N1 amplitude was also observed in the NH during local switching than in the OH group. The findings suggest that cardiorespiratory fitness has beneficial effects on cognitive flexibility, attentional resource allocation, and sensory evaluation in young adults. Furthermore, our research provided novel evidence showing that cardiorespiratory fitness might potentially alleviate the adverse effects of obesity on cognitive flexibility in young adults.
本研究从行为和神经电角度调查肥胖与心肺适能之间的关联，以及它们对年轻成年人认知灵活性的潜在影响。符合条件的年轻成年人（ = 140名，年龄在18 - 25岁之间）根据其肥胖状况（即体重指数）和心肺适能水平（即估计的最大摄氧量）被分为四组，分别是：高心肺适能的正常体重组（NH）、高心肺适能的肥胖组（OH）、低心肺适能的正常体重组（NL）和低心肺适能的肥胖组（OL）。采用任务切换测试，并记录其诱发的内源性（P3）和外源性（N1）事件相关电位成分。关于行为指标，与心肺适能较低和肥胖的个体（即NL、OH和OL）相比，NH组在任务切换测试的全局切换和局部切换中表现出更好的行为表现。此外，在异质条件下，OH组的表现优于OL组。对于神经电指标，NH组在全局和局部切换期间的平均P3波幅大于其他三组。在局部切换期间，NH组的N1波幅也比OH组大。研究结果表明，心肺适能对年轻成年人的认知灵活性、注意力资源分配和感觉评估具有有益影响。此外，我们的研究提供了新的证据，表明心肺适能可能潜在地减轻肥胖对年轻成年人认知灵活性的不利影响。
