1 School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.
2 School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.
Eur J Prev Cardiol. 2017 Nov;24(17):1809-1818. doi: 10.1177/2047487317720796. Epub 2017 Jul 11.
Background Early changes in the large muscular arteries are already associated with risk factors as hypertension and obesity in adolescence and young adulthood. The present study examines the association between arterial stiffness measurements, pulse wave velocity and augmentation index and lifestyle-related factors, body composition and cardiorespiratory fitness, in young, healthy, Swedish adults. Design This study used a population-based cross-sectional sample. Methods The 834 participants in the study were self-reported healthy, non-smoking, age 18-25 years. Augmentation index and pulse wave velocity were measured with applanation tonometry. Cardiorespiratory fitness was measured by ergometer bike test to estimate maximal oxygen uptake. Body mass index (kg/m) was calculated and categorised according to classification by the World Health Organisation. Results Young Swedish adults with obesity and low cardiorespiratory fitness have significantly higher pulse wave velocity and augmentation index than non-obese young adults with medium or high cardiorespiratory fitness. The observed U-shaped association between pulse wave velocity and body mass index categories in women indicates that it might be more beneficial to be normal weight than underweight when assessing the arterial stiffness with pulse wave velocity. The highest mean pulse wave velocity was found in overweight/obese individuals with low cardiorespiratory fitness. The lowest mean pulse wave velocity was found in normal weight individuals with high cardiorespiratory fitness. Cardiorespiratory fitness had a stronger effect than body mass index on arterial stiffness in multiple regression analyses. Conclusions The inverse association between cardiorespiratory fitness and arterial stiffness is observed already in young adults. The study result highlights the importance of high cardiorespiratory fitness, but also that underweight individuals may be a possible risk group that needs to be further studied.
青少年和青年时期的高血压和肥胖等危险因素已经与大肌肉动脉的早期变化有关。本研究旨在探讨年轻、健康的瑞典成年人的动脉僵硬测量、脉搏波速度和增强指数与生活方式相关因素、身体成分和心肺功能之间的关系。
本研究采用基于人群的横断面样本。
该研究的 834 名参与者自我报告为健康、不吸烟、年龄在 18-25 岁之间。使用平板压力测量法测量增强指数和脉搏波速度。心肺功能通过测功自行车测试来估计最大摄氧量。体重指数（kg/m）按世界卫生组织的分类进行计算和分类。
肥胖和心肺功能低的年轻瑞典成年人的脉搏波速度和增强指数明显高于非肥胖、心肺功能中等或高的年轻成年人。女性脉搏波速度与体重指数类别之间观察到的 U 形关联表明，在评估脉搏波速度时，正常体重可能比体重过轻更有益。超重/肥胖且心肺功能低的个体的平均脉搏波速度最高。心肺功能高的正常体重个体的平均脉搏波速度最低。在多元回归分析中，心肺功能对动脉僵硬的影响比体重指数更强。
心肺功能与动脉僵硬之间呈负相关，这在年轻成年人中已经观察到。研究结果强调了高心肺功能的重要性，但也表明体重过轻的个体可能是一个需要进一步研究的潜在风险群体。
