心血管疾病后感知的重返工作压力与年龄、性别和诊断有关：一项全国性的基于调查和登记的队列研究。

Perceived return-to-work pressure following cardiovascular disease is associated with age, sex, and diagnosis: a nationwide combined survey- and register-based cohort study.

机构信息

Danish Heart Foundation, Section of Cardiovascular Research, Vognmagergade 7, 3rd Floor, 1120, Copenhagen K, Denmark.

Department of Public Health & Center for Healthy Aging, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.

出版信息

BMC Public Health. 2022 May 27;22(1):1059. doi: 10.1186/s12889-022-13494-1.

DOI:10.1186/s12889-022-13494-1

PMID:35624504

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9135990/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Return to work is a key rehabilitation goal for people with cardiovascular disease (CVD) because employment matters to individuals and societies. However, people recovering from CVD often struggle with returning to work and maintaining employment. To identify people in need of vocational counselling, we examined the probability of feeling under pressure to return to work following CVD.

METHODS

We conducted a combined survey- and register-based study in a randomly selected, population-based cohort of 10,000 people diagnosed with atrial fibrillation, heart failure, heart valve disease, or ischaemic heart disease in 2018. The questionnaire covered return-to-work items, and we reported the probabilities of feeling under pressure to return to work with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) in categories defined by sex, age, and CVD diagnosis.

RESULTS

The survey response rate was 51.1%. In this study, we included 842 respondents (79.7% men) aged 32-85 years, who had returned to work following a sick leave. Overall, 249 (29.7%) had felt pressure to return to work. The probability of feeling under pressure to return to work ranged from 18.3% (95% CI: 13.1-24.6) among men aged > 55 years with atrial fibrillation to 51.7% (95% CI: 32.5-70.6) among women aged ≤ 55 years with atrial fibrillation. In addition, 66.0% of all respondents had not been offered vocational rehabilitation, and 48.6% of those who reported a need for vocational counselling had unmet needs. Survey responses also indicated that many respondents had returned to work before feeling mentally and physically ready.

CONCLUSION

A substantial proportion of people with cardiovascular disease feel under pressure to return to work, and this pressure is associated with age, sex, and diagnosis. The results show that vocational rehabilitation must be improved and emphasize the importance of ensuring that cardiac rehabilitation programmes include all core rehabilitation components.

摘要

背景

对于患有心血管疾病（CVD）的人来说，重返工作岗位是康复的关键目标，因为工作对个人和社会都很重要。然而，患有 CVD 的人在重返工作岗位和保持就业方面常常感到困难。为了确定需要职业咨询的人群，我们研究了 CVD 后重返工作岗位的压力感。

方法

我们对 2018 年确诊为心房颤动、心力衰竭、心脏瓣膜病或缺血性心脏病的 10000 名随机选择的、基于人群的队列进行了一项调查和基于登记的联合研究。问卷涵盖了重返工作岗位的项目，我们报告了按性别、年龄和 CVD 诊断分类的有压力重返工作岗位的概率，并给出了 95%置信区间（CI）。

结果

调查的回复率为 51.1%。在这项研究中，我们纳入了 842 名（79.7%为男性）年龄在 32-85 岁、在病假后重返工作岗位的应答者。总的来说，249 人（29.7%）有重返工作岗位的压力。有压力重返工作岗位的概率从 55 岁以上男性的心房颤动（18.3%，95%CI：13.1-24.6）到 55 岁以下女性的心房颤动（51.7%，95%CI：32.5-70.6）不等。此外，所有应答者中有 66.0%没有接受职业康复，报告需要职业咨询的人中有 48.6%的需求没有得到满足。调查应答还表明，许多应答者在感到身心准备好之前就已经重返工作岗位。