Wang Ting, Lu Yuan
Key Laboratory of Industrial Biocatalysis, Ministry of Education, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
Biosensors (Basel). 2022 May 10;12(5):318. doi: 10.3390/bios12050318.
In recent years, the application of cell-free protein synthesis systems in biosensing has been developing rapidly. Cell-free synthetic biology, with its advantages of high biosafety, fast material transport, and high sensitivity, has overcome many defects of cell-based biosensors and provided an abiotic substitute for biosensors. In addition, the application of freeze-drying technology has improved the stability of such systems, making it possible to realize point-of-care application of field detection and broadening the application prospects of cell-free biosensors. However, despite these advancements, challenges such as the risk of sample interference due to the lack of physical barriers, maintenance of activity during storage, and poor robustness still need to be addressed before the full potential of cell-free biosensors can be realized on a larger scale. In this review, current strategies and research results for improving the performance of cell-free biosensors are summarized, including a comprehensive discussion of the existing challenges, future trends, and potential investments needed for improvement.
近年来，无细胞蛋白质合成系统在生物传感中的应用发展迅速。无细胞合成生物学具有生物安全性高、物质运输快、灵敏度高等优点，克服了基于细胞的生物传感器的许多缺陷，并为生物传感器提供了一种非生物替代品。此外，冷冻干燥技术的应用提高了此类系统的稳定性，使得实现现场检测的即时护理应用成为可能，并拓宽了无细胞生物传感器的应用前景。然而，尽管取得了这些进展，但在无细胞生物传感器的全部潜力能够在更大规模上实现之前，仍然需要解决一些挑战，例如由于缺乏物理屏障导致的样品干扰风险、储存期间的活性维持以及鲁棒性差等问题。在这篇综述中，总结了当前提高无细胞生物传感器性能的策略和研究成果，包括对现有挑战、未来趋势以及改进所需潜在投资的全面讨论。
