Hurley Daire John, Normile Caoimhe, Irnaten Mustapha, O'Brien Colm
Department of Ophthalmology, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Eccles Street, D07 R2WY Dublin, Ireland.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2022 Apr 29;11(5):886. doi: 10.3390/antiox11050886.
Glaucoma is the leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide, and the burden of the disease continues to grow as the global population ages. Currently, the only treatment option is to lower intraocular pressure. A better understanding of glaucoma pathogenesis will help us to develop novel therapeutic options. Oxidative stress has been implicated in the pathogenesis of many diseases. Oxidative stress occurs when there is an imbalance in redox homeostasis, with reactive oxygen species producing processes overcoming anti-oxidant defensive processes. Oxidative stress works in a synergistic fashion with endoplasmic reticulum stress, to drive glaucomatous damage to trabecular meshwork, retinal ganglion cells and the optic nerve head. We discuss the oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress pathways and their connections including their key intermediary, calcium. We highlight therapeutic options aimed at disrupting these pathways and discuss their potential role in glaucoma treatment.
青光眼是全球不可逆失明的主要原因，随着全球人口老龄化，该疾病的负担持续加重。目前，唯一的治疗选择是降低眼压。更好地了解青光眼发病机制将有助于我们开发新的治疗方法。氧化应激与许多疾病的发病机制有关。当氧化还原稳态失衡，活性氧产生过程超过抗氧化防御过程时，就会发生氧化应激。氧化应激与内质网应激协同作用，导致小梁网、视网膜神经节细胞和视神经乳头发生青光眼性损伤。我们讨论氧化应激和内质网应激途径及其联系，包括它们的关键中介物钙。我们重点介绍旨在破坏这些途径的治疗方法，并讨论它们在青光眼治疗中的潜在作用。
