Cui Yangyang, Zhang Hankun, Zhu Jia, Liao Zhenhua, Wang Song, Liu Weiqiang
Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China.
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
Brain Sci. 2022 May 3;12(5):595. doi: 10.3390/brainsci12050595.
Salivary Aβ40, Aβ42, t-tau, and -tau 181 are commonly employed in Alzheimer's disease (AD) investigations. However, the collection method of these biomarkers can affect their levels. To assess the impact of saliva collection methods on biomarkers in this study, 15 healthy people were employed in the morning with six saliva collection methods. The chosen methods were then applied in 30 AD patients and 30 non-AD controls. The levels of salivary biomarkers were calculated by a specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The receiver operating characteristic was utilized to assess salivary biomarkers in AD patients. The results demonstrated that the highest levels of salivary Aβ40, Aβ42, t-tau, and -tau were in different saliva collection methods. The correlations between different saliva biomarkers in the same collection method were different. Salivary Aβ40, Aβ42, t-tau, and -tau had no significant association. Salivary Aβ42 was higher in AD than in non-AD controls. However, -tau/t-tau and Aβ42/Aβ40 had some relevance. The area under the curve for four biomarkers combined in AD diagnosis was 92.11%. An alternate saliva collection method (e.g., USS in Aβ40, UPS in Aβ42, t-tau, SSS in -tau 181) was demonstrated in this study. Moreover, combining numerous biomarkers improves AD diagnosis.
唾液中的β淀粉样蛋白40（Aβ40）、β淀粉样蛋白42（Aβ42）、总tau蛋白（t-tau）和磷酸化tau蛋白181（p-tau 181）常用于阿尔茨海默病（AD）的研究。然而，这些生物标志物的采集方法会影响其水平。为了评估本研究中唾液采集方法对生物标志物的影响，招募了15名健康人在早晨采用六种唾液采集方法进行采集。然后将所选方法应用于30例AD患者和30例非AD对照。通过特定的酶联免疫吸附测定法计算唾液生物标志物的水平。利用受试者工作特征曲线评估AD患者的唾液生物标志物。结果表明，唾液Aβ40、Aβ42、t-tau和p-tau在不同的唾液采集方法中水平最高。同一采集方法中不同唾液生物标志物之间的相关性不同。唾液Aβ40、Aβ42、t-tau和p-tau之间无显著关联。AD患者的唾液Aβ42高于非AD对照。然而，p-tau/t-tau和Aβ42/Aβ40有一定相关性。四种生物标志物联合用于AD诊断时的曲线下面积为92.11%。本研究展示了一种替代的唾液采集方法（例如，Aβ40采用超声刺激唾液采集法（USS），Aβ42、t-tau采用非刺激唾液采集法（UPS），p-tau 181采用静态唾液采集法（SSS））。此外，联合多种生物标志物可改善AD诊断。
