Boschi Silvia, Roveta Fausto, Grassini Alberto, Marcinnò Andrea, Cermelli Aurora, Ferrandes Fabio, Rainero Innocenzo, Rubino Elisa
Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy.
Brain Sci. 2022 Dec 17;12(12):1729. doi: 10.3390/brainsci12121729.
The identification of reliable biomarkers in biological fluids is paramount to optimizing the diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Measurement of Aβ42, t-tau, and p-tau in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is the most accepted method to support the diagnosis of AD. However, lumbar puncture represents an invasive investigation, whereas saliva is one of the most accessible body fluids. The aim of our study was to investigate salivary concentrations in AD and evaluate the correlation between salivary and CSF Aβ42 concentrations in AD patients, patients with non-AD dementias, and controls. We recruited 100 subjects: 18 AD patients, 64 patients with non-AD dementias, and 18 controls. The mean saliva Aβ42 concentrations in AD patients were higher than in controls (p < 0.001), and to patients with non-AD dementias (p = 0.001). A significant negative correlation between salivary and CSF Aβ42 concentrations was found in the overall group (r = −0.562, p < 0.001) and in non-AD patients (r = −0.443, p < 0.001). Salivary Aβ42 concentrations positively correlated with CSF t-tau (r = 0.321, p = 0.001) and p-tau (r = 0.297, p = 0.001). Our study showed that in AD patients’ saliva, Aβ42 concentrations are specifically increased, and we found an interesting negative correlation between CSF and salivary Aβ42 concentrations that warrants further investigation.
在生物体液中鉴定可靠的生物标志物对于优化阿尔茨海默病（AD）的诊断至关重要。测量脑脊液（CSF）中的Aβ42、总tau蛋白（t-tau）和磷酸化tau蛋白（p-tau）是支持AD诊断最被认可的方法。然而，腰椎穿刺是一种侵入性检查，而唾液是最容易获取的体液之一。我们研究的目的是调查AD患者的唾液浓度，并评估AD患者、非AD痴呆患者和对照组中唾液与脑脊液Aβ42浓度之间的相关性。我们招募了100名受试者：18名AD患者、64名非AD痴呆患者和18名对照组。AD患者的唾液Aβ42平均浓度高于对照组（p < 0.001），也高于非AD痴呆患者（p = 0.001）。在整个组（r = -0.562，p < 0.001）和非AD患者中（r = -0.443，p < 0.001）发现唾液和脑脊液Aβ42浓度之间存在显著负相关。唾液Aβ42浓度与脑脊液t-tau（r = 0.321，p = 0.001）和p-tau（r = 0.297，p = 0.001）呈正相关。我们的研究表明，AD患者的唾液中Aβ42浓度特异性升高，并且我们发现脑脊液和唾液Aβ42浓度之间存在有趣的负相关，值得进一步研究。
