Facultad de Psicología, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla 72000, Mexico.
Departamento de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad de las Américas Puebla, San Andres Cholula 72810, Mexico.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 May 13;19(10):5953. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19105953.
Among neurodevelopmental disorders, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the main cause of school failure in children. Notably, visuospatial dysfunction has also been emphasized as a leading cause of low cognitive performance in children with ADHD. Consequently, the present study aimed to identify ADHD-related changes in electroencephalography (EEG) characteristics, associated with visual object processing in school-aged children. We performed Multichannel EEG recordings in 16-year-old children undergoing Navon's visual object processing paradigm. We mapped global coherence during the processing of local and global visual stimuli that were consistent, inconsistent, or neutral. We found that Children with ADHD showed significant differences in global weighted coherence during the processing of local and global inconsistent visual stimuli and longer response times in comparison to the control group. Delta and theta EEG bands highlighted important features for classification in both groups. Thus, we advocate EEG coherence and low-frequency EEG spectral power as prospective markers of visual processing deficit in ADHD. Our results have implications for the development of diagnostic interventions in ADHD and provide a deeper understanding of the factors leading to low performance in school-aged children.
在神经发育障碍中，注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）是导致儿童学业失败的主要原因。值得注意的是，视空间功能障碍也被强调为 ADHD 儿童认知表现低下的主要原因。因此，本研究旨在确定与学龄儿童视觉物体处理相关的 ADHD 相关脑电图（EEG）特征变化。我们对接受纳冯视觉物体处理范式的 16 岁儿童进行了多通道 EEG 记录。我们绘制了在处理局部和全局视觉刺激时的全局相干性，这些刺激是一致的、不一致的或中性的。我们发现，与对照组相比，ADHD 儿童在处理局部和全局不一致的视觉刺激时，全局加权相干性存在显著差异，并且反应时间更长。Delta 和 theta EEG 波段突出了两组分类的重要特征。因此，我们主张 EEG 相干性和低频 EEG 频谱功率作为 ADHD 视觉处理缺陷的前瞻性标志物。我们的研究结果对 ADHD 的诊断干预的发展具有重要意义，并深入了解导致学龄儿童表现不佳的因素。
