School of Life Science and Technology, Center for Information in Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China.
China National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders (Xiangya), Changsha 410011, China.
Neural Plast. 2021 May 11;2021:6615384. doi: 10.1155/2021/6615384. eCollection 2021.
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common neurodevelopmental brain disorders in childhood. Despite extensive researches, the neurobiological mechanism underlying ADHD is still left unveiled. Since the deficit functions, such as attention, have been demonstrated in ADHD, in our present study, based on the oddball P3 task, the corresponding electroencephalogram (EEG) of both healthy controls (HCs) and ADHD children was first collected. And we then not only focused on the event-related potential (ERP) evoked during tasks but also investigated related brain networks. Although an insignificant difference in behavior was found between the HCs and ADHD children, significant electrophysiological differences were found in both ERPs and brain networks. In detail, the dysfunctional attention occurred during the early stage of the designed task; as compared to HCs, the reduced P2 and N2 amplitudes in ADHD children were found, and the atypical information interaction might further underpin such a deficit. On the one hand, when investigating the cortical activity, HCs recruited much stronger brain activity mainly in the temporal and frontal regions, compared to ADHD children; on the other hand, the brain network showed atypical enhanced long-range connectivity between the frontal and occipital lobes but attenuated connectivity among frontal, parietal, and temporal lobes in ADHD children. We hope that the findings in this study may be instructive for the understanding of cognitive processing in children with ADHD.
注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）是儿童期最常见的神经发育性脑疾病之一。尽管进行了广泛的研究，但 ADHD 的神经生物学机制仍未被揭示。由于 ADHD 存在注意力等缺陷功能，在我们目前的研究中，首先基于Oddball P3 任务，收集了健康对照组（HCs）和 ADHD 儿童的相应脑电图（EEG）。然后，我们不仅关注任务期间诱发的事件相关电位（ERP），还研究了相关的脑网络。尽管 HCs 和 ADHD 儿童的行为差异不显著，但在 ERP 和脑网络中都发现了显著的电生理差异。具体而言，在设计任务的早期阶段出现了功能失调的注意力；与 HCs 相比，ADHD 儿童的 P2 和 N2 振幅降低，异常的信息相互作用可能进一步支持这种缺陷。一方面，在研究皮质活动时，与 ADHD 儿童相比，HCs 在颞叶和额叶区域募集了更强的大脑活动；另一方面，脑网络显示出异常增强的额叶和枕叶之间的长程连接，但 ADHD 儿童的额叶、顶叶和颞叶之间的连接减弱。我们希望本研究中的发现有助于理解 ADHD 儿童的认知处理。
