School of Geography and Ocean Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
Huangshan Park Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Ministry of Education, Huangshan 245000, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 May 14;19(10):5984. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19105984.
The flows of people and material attributed to international tourism exert a major impact on the global environment. Tourism carbon emissions is the main indicator in this context. However, previous studies focused on estimating the emissions of destinations, ignoring the embodied emissions in tourists' origins and other areas. This study provides a comprehensive framework of a tourism telecoupling system. Taking China's international tourism as an example, we estimate the carbon emissions of its tourism telecoupling system based on the Tourism Satellite Account and input-output model. We find that (1) the proposal of a tourism telecoupling system provides a new perspective for analyzing the carbon emissions of a tourism system. The sending system (origins) and indirect spillover system (resource suppliers) have been ignored in previous studies. (2) In the telecoupling system of China's international tourism, the emission reduction effect of the sending system is significant. (3) The direct spillover system (transit) and indirect spillover system's spatial transfer effects of environment responsibility are remarkable. (4) There is a large carbon trade implied in international tourism. This study makes us pay attention to the carbon emissions of tourists' origins and the implied carbon trading in tourism flows.
国际旅游所带来的人流和物流对全球环境产生了重大影响。在这种情况下，旅游碳排放是主要指标。然而，以前的研究主要集中在估算目的地的排放量，而忽略了游客来源地和其他地区的隐含排放。本研究提供了一个旅游遥耦合系统的综合框架。以中国的国际旅游业为例，我们根据旅游卫星账户和投入产出模型估算了其旅游遥耦合系统的碳排放。我们发现：(1) 提出旅游遥耦合系统为分析旅游系统的碳排放提供了新视角。以前的研究忽略了发送系统（来源地）和间接溢出系统（资源供应地）。(2) 在 中国国际旅游业的遥耦合系统中，发送系统的减排效果显著。(3) 直接溢出系统（过境）和间接溢出系统的环境责任空间转移效应显著。(4) 国际旅游业中存在大量的碳贸易。本研究使我们注意到游客来源地的碳排放和旅游流量中的隐含碳交易。
