Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (AGROSAVIA)-CI La Selva, Rionegro 054048, Colombia.
Int J Mol Sci. 2022 May 10;23(10):5291. doi: 10.3390/ijms23105291.
Mint ( L., Lamiaceae) is a strongly scented herb of the family Lamiaceae that is grown mostly by clonal propagation, making it a valuable species for the study of somaclonal variation and its phenotypic consequences. The recent introduction of a few species of mint in South America, followed by a presumably rampant propagation, make this region particularly ideal for studying the extent of somaclonal genetic diversity. Hence, the objective of this work was to offer a preliminary characterization of somaclonal genetically coding diversity of the mint in the northern Andes in order to address the question of whether somaclonal variants may have emerged despite relatively recent introductions in a region where mint is not native. A total of 29 clonally propagated specimens, collected in mint export farms in the province of Antioquia, a major region for mint production in the northwest Andes of Colombia, were genotyped using RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq). SNP calling was carried out from the leaves' transcriptome profiles of each plant by combining the GATK4 and TRINITY protocols, obtaining a total of 2033 loci across 912 transcripts with a minimum read depth of 20X and 4% of missing data. Unsupervised machine learning algorithms considered the -means, AGNES and UPGMA approaches, all of which suggested three genetic clusters for and a unique cluster for . The results indicate that at least two different origins of reached the eastern region of the Antioquia province, clonally propagated in the locality ever since for local consumption and export. One of these ancestries had more population structure, possibly due to environmental or anthropological pressures that intervened in the fragmentation of this genetic group or to a higher somaclonal mutation rate. This work offers a first step into the study of the accumulation and transmission of presumably quasi-neutral somatic mutations at coding regions in an herbaceous clonally propagated scented species such as mint, likely favored by an expected population expansion after its Andean introduction. These ad hoc hypotheses warrant further study as part of future research.
薄荷（L.，唇形科）是一种具有强烈香气的草本植物，主要通过无性繁殖繁殖，使其成为研究体细胞变异及其表型后果的有价值物种。最近，一些薄荷品种在南美洲的引入，随后可能是猖獗的繁殖，使该地区特别适合研究体细胞遗传多样性的程度。因此，这项工作的目的是对安第斯山脉北部薄荷的体细胞遗传编码多样性进行初步描述，以解决尽管薄荷在该地区不是本地植物，但在相对较近的引入之后是否可能出现体细胞变异的问题。总共收集了 29 个无性繁殖的标本，这些标本是在哥伦比亚西北部安第斯山脉的薄荷出口农场采集的，这些标本是在哥伦比亚西北部安第斯山脉的薄荷出口农场采集的，使用 RNA 测序（RNA-Seq）对它们进行了基因分型。通过结合 GATK4 和 TRINITY 方案，对每个植物的叶片转录组图谱进行 SNP 调用，总共获得了 912 个转录本中的 2033 个位点，最小读取深度为 20X，缺失数据为 4%。无监督机器学习算法考虑了-means、AGNES 和 UPGMA 方法，所有这些方法都为 和 建议了三个遗传聚类和一个独特的聚类。结果表明，至少有两个不同的起源到达了安蒂奥基亚省的东部地区，自那以后，在当地进行无性繁殖，供当地消费和出口。其中一个祖先是有更多的种群结构，可能是由于环境或人为压力的干预导致这个遗传群体的分裂，或者是由于体细胞突变率更高。这项工作为研究在草本无性繁殖的芳香植物（如薄荷）的编码区域中，推测准中性体细胞突变的积累和传递提供了第一步，这可能是由于安第斯山脉引入后预期的种群扩张而有利于这种突变。这些特定的假设需要进一步研究，作为未来研究的一部分。
