Adly Walaa M R M, Niedbała Gniewko, El-Denary Mohammad E, Mohamed Mahasen A, Piekutowska Magdalena, Wojciechowski Tomasz, Abd El-Salam El-Sayed T, Fouad Ahmed S
Horticulture Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza 12619, Egypt.
Department of Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 50, 60-627 Poznań, Poland.
Plants (Basel). 2023 Jan 4;12(2):232. doi: 10.3390/plants12020232.
Starch content is one of the major quality criteria targeted by potato breeding programs. Traditional potato breeding is a laborious duty due to the tetraploid nature and immense heterozygosity of potato genomes. In addition, screening for functional genetic variations in wild relatives is slow and strenuous. Moreover, genetic diversity, which is the raw material for breeding programs, is limited due to vegetative propagation used in the potato industry. Somaclonal variation provides a time-efficient tool to breeders for obtaining genetic variability, which is essential for breeding programs, at a reasonable cost and independent of sophisticated technology. The present investigation aimed to create potato somaclones with an improved potential for starch accumulation. Based on the weight and starch content of tubers, the somaclonal variant , among 105 callus-sourced clones, recorded a higher tuberization potential than the parent cv Lady Rosetta in a field experiment. Although this somaclone was similar to the parent in the number of tubers produced, it exhibited tubers with 42 and 61% higher fresh and dry weights, respectively. Additionally, this clone recorded 10 and 75% increases in starch content based on the dry weight and average content per plant, respectively. The enhanced starch accumulation was associated with the upregulation of six starch-synthesis-related genes, namely, the and genes. AGPase affords the glycosyl moieties required for the synthesis of amylose and amylopectin. GBSS is required for amylose elongation, while SBE I, SBE II, SS II and SS III are responsible for amylopectin.
淀粉含量是马铃薯育种计划的主要质量标准之一。由于马铃薯基因组的四倍体性质和巨大的杂合性，传统的马铃薯育种是一项艰巨的任务。此外，筛选野生近缘种中的功能基因变异既缓慢又费力。此外，由于马铃薯产业中使用营养繁殖，作为育种计划原材料的遗传多样性有限。体细胞克隆变异为育种者提供了一种高效的工具，以合理的成本并独立于复杂技术获得遗传变异性，这对育种计划至关重要。本研究旨在培育具有提高淀粉积累潜力的马铃薯体细胞克隆。基于块茎的重量和淀粉含量，在田间试验中，105个愈伤组织来源的克隆中的体细胞克隆变异体的块茎形成潜力高于亲本品种罗塞塔夫人。尽管这个体细胞克隆在产生的块茎数量上与亲本相似，但它的块茎鲜重和干重分别高出42%和61%。此外，该克隆基于干重和单株平均含量，淀粉含量分别增加了10%和75%。淀粉积累的增强与六个淀粉合成相关基因的上调有关，即 和 基因。AGPase提供直链淀粉和支链淀粉合成所需的糖基部分。GBSS是直链淀粉延伸所必需的，而SBE I、SBE II、SS II和SS III负责支链淀粉的合成。
