Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science, University of Otago, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand.
Department of Medical Imaging, The Second Clinical Medical School of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, China.
Int J Mol Sci. 2022 May 16;23(10):5563. doi: 10.3390/ijms23105563.
Invasive aspergillosis (IA) is a life-threatening fungal disease that causes high morbidity and mortality in immunosuppressed patients. Early and accurate diagnosis and treatment of IA remain challenging. Given the broad range of non-specific clinical symptoms and the shortcomings of current diagnostic techniques, most patients are either diagnosed as "possible" or "probable" cases but not "proven". Moreover, because of the lack of sensitive and specific tests, many high-risk patients receive an empirical therapy or a prolonged treatment of high-priced antifungal agents, leading to unnecessary adverse effects and a high risk of drug resistance. More precise diagnostic techniques alongside a targeted antifungal treatment are fundamental requirements for reducing the morbidity and mortality of IA. Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) with high specificity in targeting the corresponding antigen(s) may have the potential to improve diagnostic tests and form the basis for novel IA treatments. This review summarizes the up-to-date application of mAb-based approaches in assisting IA diagnosis and therapy.
侵袭性曲霉病（IA）是一种危及生命的真菌感染，可导致免疫抑制患者的高发病率和死亡率。早期和准确的诊断和治疗 IA 仍然具有挑战性。鉴于广泛的非特异性临床症状和当前诊断技术的局限性，大多数患者被诊断为“可能”或“可能”病例，但不是“已证实”病例。此外，由于缺乏敏感和特异的检测方法，许多高危患者接受经验性治疗或昂贵的抗真菌药物的长期治疗，导致不必要的不良反应和耐药风险增加。更精确的诊断技术和靶向抗真菌治疗是降低 IA 发病率和死亡率的基本要求。针对相应抗原的高特异性单克隆抗体（mAbs）可能具有改善诊断测试和为新型 IA 治疗提供基础的潜力。本综述总结了 mAb 为基础的方法在辅助 IA 诊断和治疗中的最新应用。
