Calapai Fabrizio, Cardia Luigi, Calapai Gioacchino, Di Mauro Debora, Trimarchi Fabio, Ammendolia Ilaria, Mannucci Carmen
Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy.
Department of Human Pathology of Adult and Childhood "Gaetano Barresi", University of Messina, Via C. Valeria, 98125 Messina, Italy.
Life (Basel). 2022 Apr 27;12(5):652. doi: 10.3390/life12050652.
Cannabidiol (CBD) is the second cannabinoid, in order of importance after Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), from . Unlike THC, CBD does not cause psychotomimetic effects, and although these compounds have the same chemical formula, their pharmacological characteristics are not equivalent. Preclinical studies suggest that CBD has anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anxiolytic, antiemetic, anticonvulsant, and antipsychotic properties and influences the sleep-wake cycle. The evaluation of effects on spontaneous motor activity is crucial in experimental pharmacology, and the careful measurement of laboratory animal movement is an established method to recognize the effects of stimulant and depressant drugs. The potential influence of CBD on locomotor activity has been investigated through numerous in vivo experiments. However, there is no clear picture of the impact of CBD on these issues, even though it is administered alone for medical uses and sold with THC as a drug for pain caused by muscle spasms in multiple sclerosis, and it was recently licensed as a drug for severe forms of infantile epilepsy. On this basis, with the aim of developing deeper knowledge of this issue, scientific data on CBD's influence on locomotor activity are discussed here. We conducted research using PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and a search engine for literature between January 2009 and December 2021 on life sciences and biomedical topics using the keywords "motor activity", "locomotor activity", and "locomotion" in combination with "cannabidiol". In this article, we discuss findings describing the effects on locomotor activity of the CBD precursor cannabidiolic acid and of CBD alone or in combination with THC, together with the effects of CBD on locomotor modifications induced by diseases and on locomotor changes induced by other substances.
大麻二酚（CBD）是继Δ9-四氢大麻酚（THC）之后，按重要性排序的第二种大麻素。与THC不同，CBD不会产生拟精神病效应，尽管这些化合物具有相同的化学式，但它们的药理特性并不等同。临床前研究表明，CBD具有抗炎、镇痛、抗焦虑、止吐、抗惊厥和抗精神病特性，并影响睡眠-觉醒周期。在实验药理学中，评估对自发运动活动的影响至关重要，仔细测量实验动物的运动是识别兴奋剂和抑制剂药物作用的既定方法。通过大量体内实验研究了CBD对运动活动的潜在影响。然而，即使CBD单独用于医疗用途，并与THC一起作为治疗多发性硬化症肌肉痉挛引起疼痛的药物出售，且最近被批准作为治疗严重形式婴儿癫痫的药物，但关于CBD对这些问题的影响仍没有清晰的认识。在此基础上，为了更深入地了解这个问题，本文讨论了关于CBD对运动活动影响的科学数据。我们使用PubMed、Scopus、谷歌学术以及一个文献搜索引擎，在2009年1月至2021年12月期间，以“运动活动”、“自主运动活动”和“运动”与“大麻二酚”相结合为关键词，搜索了生命科学和生物医学主题的文献。在本文中，我们讨论了描述CBD前体大麻二酚酸以及单独或与THC联合使用的CBD对运动活动影响的研究结果，以及CBD对疾病诱导的运动改变和其他物质诱导的运动变化的影响。
