Panneerselvam Karthika, Ishikawa Shigeo, Krishnan Rajkumar, Sugimoto Masahiro
Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Karpaga Vinayaga Institute of Dental Sciences, GST Road, Chinna Kolambakkam, Palayanoor PO, Madurantagam Taluk, Kancheepuram 603308, Tamil Nadu, India.
Department of Dentistry, Oral and Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata University, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan.
Metabolites. 2022 May 12;12(5):436. doi: 10.3390/metabo12050436.
The development of low- or non-invasive screening tests for cancer is crucial for early detection. Saliva is an ideal biofluid containing informative components for monitoring oral and systemic diseases. Metabolomics has frequently been used to identify and quantify numerous metabolites in saliva samples, serving as novel biomarkers associated with various conditions, including cancers. This review summarizes the recent applications of salivary metabolomics in biomarker discovery in oral cancers. We discussed the prevalence, epidemiologic characteristics, and risk factors of oral cancers, as well as the currently available screening programs, in India and Japan. These data imply that the development of biomarkers by itself is inadequate in cancer detection. The use of current diagnostic methods and new technologies is necessary for efficient salivary metabolomics analysis. We also discuss the gap between biomarker discovery and nationwide screening for the early detection of oral cancer and its prevention.
开发用于癌症的低侵入性或非侵入性筛查测试对于早期检测至关重要。唾液是一种理想的生物流体，含有用于监测口腔和全身疾病的信息成分。代谢组学经常被用于识别和量化唾液样本中的众多代谢物，作为与包括癌症在内的各种疾病相关的新型生物标志物。本综述总结了唾液代谢组学在口腔癌生物标志物发现中的最新应用。我们讨论了印度和日本口腔癌的患病率、流行病学特征和危险因素，以及目前可用的筛查项目。这些数据表明，仅靠生物标志物的开发在癌症检测中是不够的。为了进行有效的唾液代谢组学分析，使用当前的诊断方法和新技术是必要的。我们还讨论了生物标志物发现与全国范围内口腔癌早期检测及其预防筛查之间的差距。
