Huang Sheng-Yang, Hsieh Ping-Yen, Chung Chi-Jen, Chou Chia-Man, He Ju-Liang
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Feng Chia University, 100, Wenhwa Rd., Seatwen District, Taichung 40724, Taiwan.
Department of Surgery, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, 1650, Sec. 4, Taiwan Boulevard, Seatwen District, Taichung 40705, Taiwan.
Nanomaterials (Basel). 2022 May 10;12(10):1627. doi: 10.3390/nano12101627.
Gold nanoparticles conjugated with collagen molecules and fibers have been proven to improve structure strength, water and enzyme degradation resistance, cell attachment, cell proliferation, and skin wound healing. In this study, high-power impulse magnetron sputtering (HiPIMS) was used to deposit ultrathin gold films (UTGF) and discontinuous island structures on type I collagen substrates. A long turn-off time of duty cycle and low chamber temperature of HiPIMS maintained substrate morphology. Increasing the deposition time from 6 s to 30 s elevated the substrate surface coverage by UTGF up to 91.79%, as observed by a field emission scanning electron microscope. X-ray diffractometry analysis revealed signature low and wide peaks for Au (111). The important surface functional groups and signature peaks of collagen substrate remained unchanged according to Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy results. Multi-peak curve fitting of the Amide I spectrum revealed the non-changed protein secondary structure of type I collagen, which mainly consists of α-helix. Atomic force microscopy observation showed that the roughness average value shifted from 1.74 to 4.17 nm by increasing the deposition time from 13 s to 77 s. The uneven surface of collagen substrate made quantification of thin film thickness by AFM difficult. Instead, UTGF thickness was measured using simultaneously deposited glass specimens placed in an HiPIMS chamber with collagen substrates. Film thickness was 3.99 and 10.37 nm at deposition times of 13 and 77 s, respectively. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy showed preserved substrate elements on the surface. Surface water contact angle measurement revealed the same temporary hydrophobic behavior before water absorption via exposed collagen substrates, regardless of deposition time. In conclusion, HiPIMS is an effective method to deposit UTGF on biomedical materials such as collagen without damaging valuable substrates. The composition of two materials could be further used for biomedical purposes with preserved functions of UTGF and collagen.
已证实与胶原蛋白分子和纤维结合的金纳米颗粒可提高结构强度、抗水和酶降解能力、细胞附着、细胞增殖以及皮肤伤口愈合能力。在本研究中，采用高功率脉冲磁控溅射（HiPIMS）在I型胶原蛋白基底上沉积超薄金膜（UTGF）和不连续岛状结构。HiPIMS的长关断时间占空比和低腔室温度保持了基底形态。通过场发射扫描电子显微镜观察发现，将沉积时间从6秒增加到30秒，UTGF对基底表面的覆盖率提高到了91.79%。X射线衍射分析显示了Au（111）的特征性低而宽的峰。根据傅里叶变换红外光谱结果，胶原蛋白基底的重要表面官能团和特征峰保持不变。酰胺I光谱的多峰曲线拟合显示I型胶原蛋白的蛋白质二级结构未改变，其主要由α-螺旋组成。原子力显微镜观察表明，通过将沉积时间从13秒增加到77秒，粗糙度平均值从1.74纳米变为4.17纳米。胶原蛋白基底表面的不均匀性使得通过原子力显微镜对薄膜厚度进行量化变得困难。相反，UTGF的厚度是通过将同时沉积的玻璃样品与胶原蛋白基底一起放置在HiPIMS腔室中进行测量的。在沉积时间为13秒和77秒时，薄膜厚度分别为3.99纳米和10.37纳米。X射线光电子能谱显示基底表面元素得以保留。表面水接触角测量表明，无论沉积时间如何，通过暴露的胶原蛋白基底吸水前，其具有相同的暂时疏水行为。总之，HiPIMS是一种在不损坏有价值基底的情况下，在胶原蛋白等生物医学材料上沉积UTGF的有效方法。这两种材料的组合可进一步用于生物医学目的，同时保留UTGF和胶原蛋白的功能。
