Aragoneses-Cazorla Guillermo, Buendia-Nacarino M Pilar, Mena Maria L, Luque-Garcia Jose L
Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
Nanomaterials (Basel). 2022 May 22;12(10):1762. doi: 10.3390/nano12101762.
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are currently used in many different industrial, commercial and health fields, mainly due to their antibacterial properties. Due to this widespread use, humans and the environment are increasingly exposed to these types of nanoparticles, which is the reason why the evaluation of the potential toxicity associated with AgNPs is of great importance. Although some of the toxic effects induced by AgNPs have already been shown, the elucidation of more complete mechanisms is yet to be achieved. In this sense, and since the integration of metabolomics and transcriptomics approaches constitutes a very useful strategy, in the present study targeted and untargeted metabolomics and DNA microarrays assays have been combined to evaluate the molecular mechanisms involved in the toxicity induced by 10 nm AgNPs. The results have shown that AgNPs induce the synthesis of glutathione as a cellular defense mechanism to face the oxidative environment, while inducing the depletion of relevant molecules implicated in the synthesis of important antioxidants. In addition, it has been observed that AgNPs completely impair the intracellular energetic metabolism, especially affecting the production of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and disrupting the tricarboxylic acids cycle. It has been demonstrated that AgNPs exposure also affects the glycolysis pathway. The effect on such pathway differs depending on the step of the cycle, which a significant increase in the levels of glucose as way to counterbalance the depleted levels of ATP.
银纳米颗粒（AgNPs）目前被广泛应用于许多不同的工业、商业和健康领域，主要是由于其抗菌特性。由于这种广泛使用，人类和环境越来越多地接触到这类纳米颗粒，这就是为什么评估与AgNPs相关的潜在毒性非常重要的原因。尽管已经显示出AgNPs诱导的一些毒性作用，但更完整机制的阐明仍有待实现。从这个意义上讲，由于代谢组学和转录组学方法的整合构成了一种非常有用的策略，在本研究中，靶向和非靶向代谢组学以及DNA微阵列分析已被结合起来，以评估10纳米AgNPs诱导的毒性所涉及的分子机制。结果表明，AgNPs诱导谷胱甘肽的合成作为细胞防御机制来应对氧化环境，同时诱导参与重要抗氧化剂合成的相关分子的消耗。此外，还观察到AgNPs完全损害细胞内的能量代谢，特别是影响三磷酸腺苷（ATP）的产生并扰乱三羧酸循环。已经证明，暴露于AgNPs也会影响糖酵解途径。对该途径的影响因循环步骤而异，其中葡萄糖水平显著增加，作为平衡ATP消耗水平的一种方式。
