Laboratory of Virology, Department of Immunology of Infectious Diseases, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 58-114 Wroclaw, Poland.
Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland.
Nutrients. 2022 May 11;14(10):2022. doi: 10.3390/nu14102022.
One of the main features of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology is failure in innate immune response and chronic inflammation. Lack of effective AD treatment means that more attention is paid to alternative therapy and drugs of natural origin, such as extract of (EGb). The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of EGb on the mechanisms of innate immune response of peripheral blood leukocytes (PBLs) in AD patients.
In AD patients and healthy-age matched controls, the effect of EGb on two of innate immune reactions, i.e., PBLs resistance to viral infection ex vivo and production of cytokines, namely TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-10, IL-15, and IFN-α, were investigated. The influence of EGb on inflammatory-associated genes expression that regulate innate immune response to viral infection and cytokine production, namely and was also examined.
A beneficial effect of EGb especially in AD women was observed. EGb decreased production of TNF-α, IFN-γ, and IL-10 and increased IL-15 and IL-1β. The effect was more pronouncement in AD group. EGb also downregulated expression of investigated genes.
EGb may have an advantageous properties for health management in elderly and AD sufferers but especially in women with AD. Improving peripheral innate immune cells' activity by adding EGb as accompanying treatment in AD may be, in the long term, a good course to modify the disease progression.
阿尔茨海默病（AD）病理学的主要特征之一是先天免疫反应失败和慢性炎症。缺乏有效的 AD 治疗方法意味着更多地关注替代疗法和天然来源的药物，如 EGb 提取物。本研究旨在探讨 EGb 对 AD 患者外周血白细胞（PBL）先天免疫反应机制的影响。
在 AD 患者和年龄匹配的健康对照组中，研究了 EGb 对两种先天免疫反应的影响，即 PBL 对病毒感染的体外抗性和细胞因子（TNF-α、IFN-γ、IL-1β、IL-10、IL-15 和 IFN-α）的产生。还研究了 EGb 对调节先天免疫反应和细胞因子产生的炎症相关基因表达的影响，即 和 。
EGb 对 AD 女性患者具有有益的作用。EGb 减少了 TNF-α、IFN-γ 和 IL-10 的产生，增加了 IL-15 和 IL-1β 的产生。在 AD 组中，这种作用更为明显。EGb 还下调了所研究基因的表达。
EGb 可能对老年人和 AD 患者的健康管理具有有利特性，但对 AD 女性患者尤其有利。通过添加 EGb 作为 AD 的辅助治疗来改善外周先天免疫细胞的活性，可能从长远来看是改变疾病进展的一个良好途径。
