Department of Clinical Medicine, Public Health, Life and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy.
Department of Pediatrics-Endocrinology, Bambino Gesù Children's Research Hospital, 00165 Rome, Italy.
Nutrients. 2022 May 20;14(10):2135. doi: 10.3390/nu14102135.
We evaluated the changes in lifestyle during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown in a sample of children and adolescents in order to assess any increase in risk factors for the onset of cardiovascular diseases in later ages.
We conducted a cross-sectional study involving 965 parents who completed an online survey about dietary habits and lifestyle during the first lockdown in Italy (from 9 March 2020 to 18 May 2020) and compared their findings with the period before the pandemic. The inclusion criteria were parents (or caregivers) with Italian residency and with children aged between 5 and 18 years.
We identified 563 adolescents and 402 children. The mean age was 12.28 years (SD 3.754). The pandemic was associated with an increase in the consumption of high-calorie snack foods. The total amount of food in homes during lockdown compared with before the pandemic increased 50%. Relating to the parent-perceived child weight status, more parents reported obesity in their children after lockdown (+0.6% in the 5-11 age group and +0.2% in the 12-18 age group). We reported a reduction of physical activity, an increase of sedentary lifestyle and sleep habits changes.
The COVID-19 pandemic was associated with changes in the lifestyles of children and adolescents; this could cause an increase in the incidence of obesity and of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases in adulthood.
为评估新冠疫情封锁期间儿童和青少年生活方式的变化，我们评估了在意大利首次封锁期间（2020 年 3 月 9 日至 5 月 18 日），一组儿童和青少年生活习惯和生活方式的变化，以评估其在以后生活中引发心血管疾病的风险因素是否增加。
我们进行了一项横断面研究，共纳入 965 名父母，他们完成了一份关于意大利首次封锁期间饮食习惯和生活方式的在线调查，并将调查结果与大流行前进行了比较。纳入标准为父母（或照顾者）具有意大利居住权，其子女年龄在 5 至 18 岁之间。
我们共纳入 563 名青少年和 402 名儿童。平均年龄为 12.28 岁（SD=3.754）。疫情与高热量零食消费增加有关。与大流行前相比，封锁期间家庭食物总量增加了 50%。与父母感知到的儿童体重状况相关，封锁后更多的父母报告其子女肥胖（5-11 岁年龄组增加 0.6%，12-18 岁年龄组增加 0.2%）。我们发现，儿童的身体活动减少，久坐不动的生活方式增加，睡眠习惯也发生了变化。
新冠疫情与儿童和青少年生活方式的改变有关；这可能会导致成年后肥胖和心血管及代谢疾病发病率增加。
