Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy.
Department of Precision Medicine, Hepatogastroenterology Division, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy.
Nutrients. 2021 Apr 5;13(4):1197. doi: 10.3390/nu13041197.
The World Health Organization has declared the coronavirus outbreak a Public Health Emergency of International Concern; the outbreak has led to lockdowns in several parts of the world, and sudden changes in people's lifestyles. This study explores the impact of the first coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic period on dietary habits, lifestyle changes, and adherence to the Mediterranean diet among the Italian population, through an online questionnaire, conducted from April to May 2020, involving 1519 participants. The 14-point Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener (MEDAS) highlighted a medium Mediterranean diet adherence in 73.5% of responders, which principally included the younger population, aged 18-30 years ( < 0.05). In regards to changes in eating habits, 33.5% of responders declared an influence of the pandemic period on nutritional practice. A decrease in alcohol consumption was reported by 81% of responders, while an increase in frozen food consumption was reported by 81.3% of responders. In addition, 58.8% reported positive weight modification (40.8%, +1-3 kg); physical activity reduction was reported for 70.5% of responders. Our study contributes toward amplifying the investigation on the dietary habits and changes of the Italian population during the COVID-19 lockdown, although the pandemic is ongoing. Similar studies should be performed around the world to understand how the emergency has impacted people's habits.
世界卫生组织宣布冠状病毒爆发为国际关注的突发公共卫生事件；此次爆发导致世界上几个地区的封锁，以及人们生活方式的突然变化。本研究通过在线问卷调查，于 2020 年 4 月至 5 月期间，对 1519 名参与者进行了研究，探讨了首次 2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行期间对意大利人口饮食习惯、生活方式改变和遵守地中海饮食的影响。14 分地中海饮食依从性筛查器（MEDAS）突出显示，73.5%的应答者具有中等程度的地中海饮食依从性，主要包括 18-30 岁的年轻人群（<0.05）。关于饮食习惯的变化，33.5%的应答者表示大流行期间对营养实践有影响。81%的应答者报告饮酒量减少，81.3%的应答者报告冷冻食品消费增加。此外，58.8%的人报告体重有积极变化（40.8%，增加 1-3 公斤）；70.5%的应答者报告体力活动减少。我们的研究有助于放大对 COVID-19 封锁期间意大利人口饮食习惯和变化的调查，尽管大流行仍在继续。应该在世界各地进行类似的研究，以了解紧急情况如何影响人们的习惯。
