Institute of Diagnostic Virology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Südufer 10, 17943 Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany.
Viruses. 2022 May 13;14(5):1034. doi: 10.3390/v14051034.
In recent years, numerous atypical Bluetongue virus (BTV) strains have been discovered all around the world. Atypical BTV strains are phylogenetically distinct from the classical BTV serotypes 1-24 and differ in terms of several biological features. For the first time, the atypical strains BTV-25-GER2018 and BTV-33-MNG3/2016 as well as the re-emerged classical strain BTV-8-GER2018 were evaluated comparatively in a pathogenesis study in goats-the natural host of atypical BTV. A substantial number of in-contact animals were included in this study to detect potential contact transmissions of the virus. After infection, EDTA blood, ocular, nasal and oral swab samples as well as serum were collected regularly and were used for virological and serological analyses, respectively. Our study showed differences in the immunological reaction between the two atypical BTV strains (no group-specific antibody detection) and the classical BTV strain BTV-8-GER2018 (group-specific antibody detection). Furthermore, we observed an increase in the total WBC count (neutrophils and lymphocytes) in goats infected with the atypical BTV strains. No horizontal transmission was seen for all three strains. Our study suggests that the atypical BTVs used in the trial differ from classical BTVs in their immunopathogenesis. However, no evidence of direct contact transmission was found.
近年来，世界各地发现了许多非典型蓝舌病毒（BTV）株。非典型 BTV 株与经典 BTV 血清型 1-24 在系统发育上有明显区别，并且在许多生物学特征上也有所不同。首次在山羊（非典型 BTV 的天然宿主）中进行的发病机制研究中，比较了非典型株 BTV-25-GER2018 和 BTV-33-MNG3/2016 以及重新出现的经典株 BTV-8-GER2018。本研究纳入了大量接触动物，以检测病毒的潜在接触传播。感染后，定期采集 EDTA 血、眼部、鼻腔和口腔拭子以及血清，分别用于病毒学和血清学分析。我们的研究表明，两种非典型 BTV 株（未检测到组特异性抗体）与经典 BTV 株 BTV-8-GER2018（检测到组特异性抗体）之间的免疫反应存在差异。此外，我们观察到感染非典型 BTV 株的山羊白细胞总数（中性粒细胞和淋巴细胞）增加。三种菌株均未观察到水平传播。我们的研究表明，试验中使用的非典型 BTV 在免疫发病机制上与经典 BTV 不同。然而，没有发现直接接触传播的证据。
