Institute for Global Health and Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
Department of Entomology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA.
J Med Entomol. 2022 Jul 13;59(4):1363-1367. doi: 10.1093/jme/tjac054.
Knock-down resistance (kdr) mutations in the voltage-gated sodium channel gene of Aedes species mosquitoes are biomarkers for resistance to pyrethroid insecticides. In the United States, few studies have reported kdr mutations among Aedes albopictus (Skuse) (Diptera: Culicidae) populations. In this study, we sought to compare the presence of kdr alleles among Ae. albopictus mosquitoes collected from Fort Bragg and Wake County, North Carolina. We collected 538 Ae. albopictus mosquitoes, including 156 from 4 sites at Fort Bragg, North Carolina and 382 from 15 sites in Wake County, North Carolina to compare the prevalence of kdr mutations. Of those successfully sequenced, we identified 12 (3.0%) mosquitoes with kdr mutations, all of which were attributed to variants at position 1534 within domain 3. All mutations were found in mosquitoes collected at Wake County sites; no mutations were identified in collections from Fort Bragg. There was a focus of mutations observed at the Wake County sites with approximately 92% (11 of 12) of the mosquitoes with the mutation coming from one site, where kdr mutations represented 24.4% (11 of 45) of all mosquitoes collected. We observed highly focal resistance in a suburban area of Raleigh, which may be attributable to peri-domestic mosquito control activities that involve area dispersal of pyrethroid insecticides. More robust surveillance is needed to monitor the emergence and spread of resistance.
击倒抗性 (kdr) 突变在蚊属的电压门控钠离子通道基因中是对拟除虫菊酯杀虫剂产生抗性的生物标志物。在美国，很少有研究报告过白纹伊蚊（Skuse）（双翅目：蚊科）种群中的 kdr 突变。在这项研究中，我们试图比较北卡罗来纳州布拉格堡和韦克县采集的白纹伊蚊中 kdr 等位基因的存在情况。我们共收集了 538 只白纹伊蚊，其中包括北卡罗来纳州布拉格堡 4 个地点采集的 156 只和北卡罗来纳州韦克县 15 个地点采集的 382 只，以比较 kdr 突变的流行率。在成功测序的蚊子中，我们发现了 12 只（3.0%）带有 kdr 突变的蚊子，所有这些突变都归因于第 3 域内 1534 位的变异。所有突变均在韦克县采集的蚊子中发现；在布拉格堡的采集样本中未发现突变。在韦克县的一些采集点观察到了突变的集中现象，大约 92%（11 只中有 1 只）携带突变的蚊子来自一个地点，该地点的 kdr 突变代表了所有采集蚊子的 24.4%（45 只中有 11 只）。我们在罗利的一个郊区观察到了高度集中的抗性，这可能归因于周边地区的蚊虫控制活动，这些活动涉及到拟除虫菊酯杀虫剂的区域扩散。需要更有力的监测来监测抗性的出现和传播。
