Wimmer Bianca M, Reinoso Webb Cynthia, Presley Steven M
Department of Environmental Toxicology, The Institute of Environmental and Human Health, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA.
Insects. 2025 May 23;16(6):551. doi: 10.3390/insects16060551.
During the last 20 years, there has been increasing concern about inefficient vector control efforts due to insecticide resistance. A common mechanism causing insecticide resistance is mutational changes in the voltage-gated sodium channel, deemed knockdown resistance (), resulting from continued pyrethroid application. Although closely related, there have been documented differences and frequencies between and . Individual and from five counties in Texas, USA were tested using four single nucleotide polymorphisms genotyping assays to assess the (F1534C, V1016I, V410L, and S989P) differences between the two species. Each mutation was analyzed independently by calculating frequencies and analyzing the difference using a Wilcox Rank Sum test. Significant differences were observed between and when comparing F1534C and V410L (-value < 0.0001). Knockdown resistant mutation V1016I was not different between the two species. Individuals from both species had di-locus mutations, and individuals from had tri-locus mutations detected in combinations that have been reported to influence insecticide resistance. Given our findings, one can speculate that populations of both species are resistant to pyrethroids, thus likely limiting the success of control methods.
在过去20年里，人们越来越担心由于杀虫剂抗性导致的病媒控制效果不佳。导致杀虫剂抗性的一个常见机制是电压门控钠通道的突变变化，即击倒抗性（），这是由于持续使用拟除虫菊酯所致。尽管密切相关，但已有文献记载了和之间的差异及频率。使用四种单核苷酸多态性基因分型检测方法对来自美国得克萨斯州五个县的个体和进行了测试，以评估这两个物种之间的（F1534C、V1016I、V410L和S989P）差异。通过计算频率并使用Wilcox秩和检验分析差异，对每个突变进行独立分析。比较F1534C和V410L时，和之间观察到显著差异（-值<0.0001）。击倒抗性突变V1016I在两个物种之间没有差异。两个物种的个体都有双基因座突变，而个体检测到三基因座突变，其组合已被报道会影响杀虫剂抗性。根据我们的研究结果，可以推测这两个物种的种群都对拟除虫菊酯具有抗性，因此可能会限制控制方法的成效。
