Nguyen Lydia T, Lydon Elizabeth A, Shende Shraddha A, Llano Daniel A, Mudar Raksha A
Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, 405 North Mathews Ave, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
Department of Speech and Hearing Science, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, 901 South 6th Street, Champaign, IL 61820, USA.
Geriatrics (Basel). 2022 May 11;7(3):56. doi: 10.3390/geriatrics7030056.
Value-directed strategic processing involves attending to higher-value information while inhibiting lower-value information. This preferential processing is relatively preserved in cognitively normal older adults but is impaired in individuals with dementia. No studies have investigated whether value-directed strategic processing is disrupted in earlier stages of cognitive decline, namely, mild cognitive impairment (MCI). The current study examined behavioral and EEG differences in value-directed strategic processing between 18 individuals with MCI and 18 cognitively normal older controls using a value-directed list learning task. Behaviorally, individuals with MCI recalled fewer total and high-value words compared to controls, but no group differences were observed in low-value word recall. Neurally, individuals with MCI had reduced theta synchronization relative to controls between 100 and 200 ms post-stimulus. Greater alpha desynchronization was observed for high- versus low-value words between 300 and 400 ms in controls but not in the MCI group. The groups showed some processing similarities, with greater theta synchronization for low-value words between 700 and 800 ms and greater alpha desynchronization for high-value words between 500 and 1100 ms. Overall, value-directed strategic processing was compromised in individuals with MCI on both behavioral and neural measures relative to controls. These findings add to the growing body of literature on differences between typical cognitive aging and MCI.
价值导向的策略性加工涉及关注高价值信息，同时抑制低价值信息。这种优先加工在认知正常的老年人中相对保留，但在痴呆症患者中受损。尚无研究调查价值导向的策略性加工在认知衰退的早期阶段，即轻度认知障碍（MCI）中是否受到干扰。本研究使用价值导向的列表学习任务，检查了18名MCI患者和18名认知正常的老年对照者在价值导向的策略性加工方面的行为和脑电图差异。在行为上，与对照组相比，MCI患者回忆的总单词数和高价值单词数较少，但在低价值单词回忆方面未观察到组间差异。在神经方面，MCI患者在刺激后100至200毫秒之间相对于对照组的theta同步性降低。在300至400毫秒之间，对照组中高价值单词与低价值单词相比观察到更大的alpha去同步化，但在MCI组中未观察到。两组表现出一些加工上的相似性，在700至800毫秒之间低价值单词的theta同步性更高，在500至1100毫秒之间高价值单词的alpha去同步化更大。总体而言，相对于对照组，MCI患者在行为和神经测量方面的价值导向的策略性加工均受到损害。这些发现增加了关于典型认知老化与MCI之间差异的文献数量。
