Gil Isabel, Santos-Costa Paulo, Bobrowicz-Campos Elzbieta, Silva Rosa, de Lurdes Almeida Maria, Apóstolo João
Health Sciences Research Unit: Nursing (UICISA: E), Nursing School of Coimbra (ESEnfC), 3046-851 Coimbra, Portugal.
Instituto Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal.
Nurs Rep. 2022 May 2;12(2):339-347. doi: 10.3390/nursrep12020033.
Cognitive impairment can represent a predecessor to neuro-degenerative processes; however, evidence suggests that non-pharmacologic interventions such as reminiscence therapy (RT) and cognitive stimulation therapy (CST) can potentially stabilize or reverse this trend. Community-based settings are widely regarded as the key area of intervention by healthcare professionals in this field. Thus, this study aimed to assess the effects of an RT and a CST program in the cognition, depressive symptomatology, and quality of life (QoL) of older adults with cognitive decline who attend community support structures (CSS) in central Portugal. A quasi-experimental study with two arms (RT and CST program) was conducted for seven weeks. Participants were allocated to each arm based on the CSS they attended. Of the 109 older adults initially screened, 76 completed the intervention (50 in the RT program and 26 in the CST program). A pre- and post-intervention analysis showed statistically significant differences in older adults' cognition, especially in their delayed recall ability, in both groups. Older adults in the RT program evidence improved QoL scores post-intervention. Both the RT and CST programs implemented throughout the study are beneficial to older adults' cognitive performance, although results are more pronounced in the earlier stages of cognitive decline. Participation in the RT program was associated with improvements in older adults' QoL scores.
认知障碍可能是神经退行性过程的先兆；然而，有证据表明，诸如怀旧疗法（RT）和认知刺激疗法（CST）等非药物干预措施有可能稳定或扭转这一趋势。社区环境被广泛认为是该领域医疗保健专业人员的关键干预领域。因此，本研究旨在评估RT和CST项目对葡萄牙中部参加社区支持机构（CSS）的认知能力下降的老年人的认知、抑郁症状和生活质量（QoL）的影响。进行了一项为期七周的双臂准实验研究（RT和CST项目）。参与者根据他们参加的CSS被分配到每个组。在最初筛查的109名老年人中，76人完成了干预（RT项目组50人，CST项目组26人）。干预前后分析显示，两组老年人的认知能力，尤其是延迟回忆能力，存在统计学上的显著差异。RT项目组的老年人在干预后生活质量得分有所提高。尽管在认知衰退的早期阶段结果更为明显，但在整个研究过程中实施的RT和CST项目都有利于老年人的认知表现。参与RT项目与老年人生活质量得分的提高有关。
