Shibata Yuka, Matsushima Masaaki, Takeuchi Megumi, Kato Momoko, Yabe Ichiro
Division of Clinical Genetics, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan.
Faculty of Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
Front Psychol. 2022 May 12;13:871416. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.871416. eCollection 2022.
Many genetic counseling (GC) studies have focused on anxiety status because clients of GC often feel anxious during their visits. Metacognition is known to be one of the causes of having an inappropriate thinking style. In this study, we examined the relationship between anxiety and the metacognitive status of GC clients according to their characteristics.
The participants were 106 clients who attended their first GC session in our hospital from November 2018 to March 2021. The survey items were the clients' characteristics, anxiety status at the time of the visit, and metacognitive status.
High state anxiety and high trait anxiety were observed in 34.9 and 11.3% of clients, respectively. Clients who were a relative or had a family history were significantly more likely to have high state anxiety. As for metacognitive status, only negative beliefs about thoughts concerning uncontrollability and danger were associated with having an anxiety status. Furthermore, multivariate analysis showed that negative beliefs about thoughts concerning uncontrollability and danger were an independent determinant of higher state anxiety, but not being a relative or having a family history. Metacognitive status scores were significantly lower in clients than in the control group.
State anxiety was shown to be more dependent on negative beliefs about thoughts concerning uncontrollability and danger of GC clients than their characteristics such as being a relative or having a family history. The results of this study will contribute to the development of new GC psychosocial support measures to address the anxiety of GC clients.
许多遗传咨询（GC）研究都聚焦于焦虑状态，因为GC的客户在咨询过程中常常感到焦虑。元认知被认为是产生不恰当思维方式的原因之一。在本研究中，我们根据GC客户的特征，研究了焦虑与元认知状态之间的关系。
研究对象为2018年11月至2021年3月期间在我院首次接受GC咨询的106名客户。调查项目包括客户的特征、咨询时的焦虑状态和元认知状态。
分别有34.9%和11.3% 的客户存在高状态焦虑和高特质焦虑。亲属或有家族病史的客户更易出现高状态焦虑。至于元认知状态，只有对关于不可控性和危险的思维的消极信念与焦虑状态相关。此外，多变量分析表明，对关于不可控性和危险的思维的消极信念是高状态焦虑的独立决定因素，而亲属或家族病史并非如此。客户的元认知状态得分显著低于对照组。
与亲属或家族病史等特征相比，状态焦虑似乎更取决于GC客户对关于不可控性和危险的思维的消极信念。本研究结果将有助于开发新的GC心理社会支持措施，以应对GC客户的焦虑。
