Chen Yi, Sun Weiyan, Tang Hai, Li Yingze, Li Chen, Wang Long, Chen Jiafei, Lin Weikang, Li Shenghui, Fan Ziwen, Cheng Yu, Chen Chang
Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Translational Nanomedicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2022 May 13;10:820940. doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.820940. eCollection 2022.
The foreign body response (FBR) caused by biomaterials can essentially be understood as the interaction between the immune microenvironment and biomaterials, which has severely impeded the application of biomaterials in tissue repair. This concrete interaction occurs via cells and bioactive substances, such as proteins and nucleic acids. These cellular and molecular interactions provide important cues for determining which element to incorporate into immunomodulatory biomaterials (IMBs), and IMBs can thus be endowed with the ability to modulate the FBR and repair damaged tissue. In terms of cellular, IMBs are modified to modulate functions of immune cells, such as macrophages and mast cells. In terms of bioactive substances, proteins and nucleic acids are delivered to influence the immune microenvironment. Meanwhile, IMBs are designed with high affinity for spatial targets and the ability to self-adapt over time, which allows for more efficient and intelligent tissue repair. Hence, IMB may achieve the perfect functional integration in the host, representing a breakthrough in tissue repair and regeneration medicine.
生物材料引发的异物反应（FBR）本质上可理解为免疫微环境与生物材料之间的相互作用，这严重阻碍了生物材料在组织修复中的应用。这种具体的相互作用通过细胞和生物活性物质（如蛋白质和核酸）发生。这些细胞和分子相互作用为确定将哪些元素纳入免疫调节生物材料（IMB）提供了重要线索，因此IMB可以被赋予调节FBR和修复受损组织的能力。在细胞方面，对IMB进行修饰以调节免疫细胞（如巨噬细胞和肥大细胞）的功能。在生物活性物质方面，递送蛋白质和核酸以影响免疫微环境。同时，IMB被设计成对空间靶点具有高亲和力并具有随时间自我适应的能力，这使得组织修复更高效、更智能。因此，IMB可能在宿主体内实现完美的功能整合，代表了组织修复和再生医学的一项突破。
