Hamed Manar M, Gouida Mona S, Abd El-Aziz Sameh R, El-Sokkary Ahmed M A
Biochemistry Division, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Egypt.
Genetic Unit, Children Hospital, Mansoura University, Egypt.
Heliyon. 2022 May 22;8(5):e09474. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09474. eCollection 2022 May.
Breast cancer (BC) is considered as a common type of cancer threatening women throughout the world. Therefore, development of early predication biomarkers for BC got more concern especially for Egyptian females. This study was aimed to evaluate PD-L1, CD8, and CD20 as early prediction breast cancer biomarkers.
Flow cytometry (FC), immunohistochemistry (IHC), Western Blot, and q-PCR were used to compare PD-L1, CD20, and CD8 levels in tissues and blood samples of Breast Cancer and controls.
Blood samples showed a significant increase in PD-L1, CD20, and CD8 compared to controls (˂0.005). A Significant correlation was shown between PD-L1, CD8, and CD20 in tissue and breast cancer subtypes. Whereas, invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) was characterized by superior PD-L1 and CD20 levels compared to invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC). FC studies on Blood showed 83% and 45.7% PD-L1 expressions for IDC and ILC, respectively. CD20 in ILC and IDC were 78.2% and 62.5%, respectively. Nevertheless, CD8 was 74.2% for IDC and 67.7% for ILC. Whereas, FC studies for PD-L1, CD20, and CD8 in ILC in tissues gave 34.4%, 30.2% and 35.1%, respectively. In addition, IDC tissue samples showed 16%, 12.5, and 13.5% for PD-L1, CD20, and CD8. The moderate stage of adenocarcinoma caused expression of PD-L1 within inflammatory cells, while expression was within neoplastic glandular cells in late stage.
PD-L1, CD8, and CD20 are considered as early predictor and tracking markers for breast cancer.
乳腺癌（BC）被认为是一种威胁全球女性的常见癌症类型。因此，乳腺癌早期预测生物标志物的开发受到更多关注，尤其是对于埃及女性。本研究旨在评估程序性死亡受体配体1（PD-L1）、CD8和CD20作为乳腺癌早期预测生物标志物。
采用流式细胞术（FC）、免疫组织化学（IHC）、蛋白质免疫印迹法和实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应（q-PCR）比较乳腺癌组织和血液样本以及对照中PD-L1、CD20和CD8的水平。
与对照组相比，血液样本中PD-L1、CD20和CD8显著升高（P<0.005）。组织中PD-L1、CD8和CD20与乳腺癌亚型之间存在显著相关性。然而，与浸润性导管癌（IDC）相比，浸润性小叶癌（ILC）的特征是PD-L1和CD20水平更高。对血液进行的流式细胞术研究显示，IDC和ILC的PD-L1表达分别为83%和45.7%。ILC和IDC中的CD20分别为78.2%和62.5%。然而，IDC中的CD8为74.2%，ILC中的CD8为67.7%。而对组织中ILC的PD-L1、CD20和CD8进行的流式细胞术研究分别为34.4%、30.2%和35.1%。此外，IDC组织样本中PD-L1、CD20和CD8分别为16%、12.5%和13.5%。腺癌中期导致炎症细胞内PD-L1表达，而晚期表达则在肿瘤腺细胞内。
PD-L1、CD8和CD20被认为是乳腺癌的早期预测和跟踪标志物。
