Research Group in Perioperative Medicine, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico la Fe, Valencia, Spain.
Department of Anaesthesiology, Avenida de Fernando Abril Martorell, 106, 46026, Valencia, Spain.
Curr Oncol Rep. 2022 Oct;24(10):1337-1349. doi: 10.1007/s11912-022-01295-z. Epub 2022 Jun 1.
Antagonists of mu-opioid receptor role in cancer progression remains to be elucidated. The objective of this review was to summarize the available evidence on antagonists of mu-opioid receptor effect on tumor progression and prognosis in different types of cancers and an evaluation of the available findings on their mechanism of action.
We have found studies related to methylnaltrexone (MNTX) and naltrexone (NTX) usage in cancer outcomes-related setting. We found consistent preclinical evidence of a potential action of MNTX and NTX on cancer growth and spread mediated mainly by effect on the opioid growth factor receptor (OGFr) axis, which results in depressed cell replication. However, clinical results are scarce and limited to poor-quality evidence. Further high-quality studies are warranted to study antagonists of mu-opioid receptor role as a therapeutic option in different types of cancer, especially in patients where the classical treatment causes unacceptable side effects.
综述目的：μ 阿片受体拮抗剂在癌症进展中的作用仍有待阐明。本综述的目的是总结μ 阿片受体拮抗剂对不同类型癌症肿瘤进展和预后影响的现有证据，并评估其作用机制的现有发现。
最新发现：我们发现了一些关于甲基纳曲酮（MNTX）和纳曲酮（NTX）在癌症相关结局中的应用的研究。我们发现了 MNTX 和 NTX 对癌症生长和扩散的潜在作用的一致的临床前证据，主要通过对阿片生长因子受体（OGFr）轴的影响来介导，这导致细胞复制减少。然而，临床结果稀缺，且仅限于低质量证据。需要进一步开展高质量研究，以研究μ 阿片受体拮抗剂作为不同类型癌症的一种治疗选择的作用，特别是在经典治疗引起不可接受的副作用的患者中。
