Sillo Fabiano, Vergine Marzia, Luvisi Andrea, Calvo Alice, Petruzzelli Gianniantonio, Balestrini Raffaella, Mancuso Stefano, De Bellis Luigi, Vita Federico
National Research Council-Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection (CNR-IPSP), Turin, Italy.
Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, Lecce, Italy.
Front Microbiol. 2022 May 16;13:864434. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.864434. eCollection 2022.
Picco is a greatly appreciated truffle species mainly distributed in Italy. Its price and characteristics mostly depend on its geographical origin. Truffles represent a fundamental step of the life cycle of species promoting spore dissemination. They consist of two main parts, gleba, the inner part, and peridium, which is in direct contact with ground soil. Within the truffle and around in the growing soil, both the occurrence and abundance of different microbial species seem to play an essential role in truffle production. The development of the next-generation sequencing (NGS) based technology has greatly improved to deepen the role of the composition of microbial communities, thus improving the knowledge of the existing relationships between microbial taxa in a specific condition. Here, we applied a metabarcoding approach to assess the differences in samples collected from three areas in Tuscany (Italy). Peridium and gleba were analyzed separately with the aim to distinguish them based on their microbial composition. Also, soil samples were collected and analyzed to compare productive and unproductive truffle grounds to confirm the presence of specific patterns linked to truffle production. Results indicate that differences occurred between truffle compartments (gleba and peridium) as well as between analyzed soils (productive and unproductive), with distinctive taxa associated. Furthermore, findings also demonstrated specific characteristics associated with truffle collection areas, thus indicating a degree of microbial selection related to different environments.
皮科松露是一种备受推崇的块菌品种，主要分布在意大利。它的价格和特性很大程度上取决于其地理来源。块菌是物种生命周期中促进孢子传播的关键阶段。它们由两个主要部分组成，内部的菌髓和与地面土壤直接接触的包被。在块菌内部及其周围的生长土壤中，不同微生物物种的出现和丰度似乎在块菌生产中起着至关重要的作用。基于下一代测序（NGS）技术的发展极大地促进了对微生物群落组成作用的深入研究，从而增进了对特定条件下微生物分类群之间现存关系的了解。在此，我们应用元条形码方法来评估从意大利托斯卡纳三个地区采集样品的差异。分别对包被和菌髓进行分析，目的是根据它们的微生物组成来区分它们。此外，还采集并分析了土壤样本，以比较有松露产出和无松露产出的地块，以确认与松露生产相关的特定模式的存在。结果表明，块菌各部分（菌髓和包被）之间以及所分析的土壤（有产出和无产出）之间存在差异，且有与之相关的独特分类群。此外，研究结果还表明了与松露采集区域相关的特定特征，从而表明存在一定程度的与不同环境相关的微生物选择。
